Bava Batra — Daf 83a

בדורא דרעותא ואתו לקמיה דרב יהודה וא"ל זיל הב ליה כמלא בקר וכליו ולא הוה ידענא כמלא בקר וכליו כמה כיון דשמעת' להא דתנן לא יטע אדם אילן סמוך לשדה חבירו אא"כ הרחיק ממנה ד' אמות

ותני עלה ד' אמות שאמרו כדי עבודת הכרם אמינא ש"מ כמלא בקר וכליו ד' אמות

וכרב יוסף מי לא תנן ר"מ ור"ש אומרים הנוטע את כרמו שמונה אמות על שמונה מותר להביא זרע לשם

אפילו הכי מעשה עדיף

בשלמא לרב יוסף אליבא דר"ש שמעינן ליה מפוזרין ושמעינן ליה רצופין מפוזרין הא דאמרן רצופין דתנן כרם הנטוע על פחות מד"א אינו כרם דברי ר"ש וחכ"א כרם ורואין את האמצעיים כאילו אינן

אלא לרב נחמן אליבא דרבנן מפוזרין שמעינן ליה רצופין מי שמעינן ליה סברא הוא מדלר"ש פלגא לרבנן נמי פלגא

אמר רבא הלכתא מארבע אמות ועד שש עשרה תניא כוותיה דרבא כמה יהו מקורבין ארבע אמות וכמה יהו מרוחקין שש עשרה

הרי זה קנה קרקע ואת האילנות שביניהן לפיכך יבש האילן או נקצץ יש לו קרקע פחות מכאן או יתר על כאן או שלקחן בזה אחר זה הרי זה לא קנה לא את הקרקע ולא את האילנות שביניהן לפיכך יבש האילן או נקצץ אין לו קרקע

בעי רבי ירמיה כשהוא מודד ממקום קצר הוא מודד או ממקום רחב הוא מודד א"ל רב גביהה מבי כתיל לרב אשי תא שמע דתנן הרכובה שבגפן אינו מודד אלא מעיקר השני

בעי רבי ירמיה מכר לו שלשה בדי אילן מהו

אמר ליה רב גביהה מבי כתיל לרב אשי ת"ש דתנן המבריך ג' גפנים ועקריהן נראין ר"א ברבי צדוק אומר אם יש ביניהן מד' אמות ועד שמונה מצטרפין ואם לאו אין מצטרפין

בעי רב פפא מכר לו שנים בתוך שדהו ואחד על המצר מהו שנים בתוך שלו ואחד בתוך של חבירו מאי תיקו

in Dura di-ra'awatha  [where three trees, planted at distances of less than eight cubits between them, were sold], and, when [the disputants] came before Rab Judah, he said unto [the buyer]: Go [and] give him [his share in the ground, even though the spaces between the trees are just] enough for a pair of oxen and their [ploughing] outfit. I did not know [at the time] how large was the 'space of a pair of oxen and their outfit'. When, however, I heard the following [Mishnah in] which we learnt: A man must not plant a tree near his neighbour's field  unless he has kept at a distance of four cubits:  and in connection with this it has been taught: 'The four cubits mentioned are the dimensions of the space required for attending to the vineyard': I concluded that the 'space of a pair of oxen and their outfit' is four cubits. But is there not also a Mishnah which agrees with [the report of] R. Joseph? Surely  we learnt:  R. Meir and R. Simeon say: He who plants his vineyard [leaving distances of] eight cubits [between the rows] may insert seed there!  — A practical decision  is, nevertheless, preferable. [The statement] of R. Joseph who follows R. Simeon may be regarded as satisfactory. [since] we have heard [a definition of] scattered [trees] and we have [also] heard [a definition of] closely [planted trees]. [With regard to trees] scattered, [we have the Mishnah] just mentioned.  [As regards trees planted] closely, it has been taught:  A vineyard planted on [an area of] less than four cubits is not [regarded as] a vineyard — these are the words of R. Simeon. And the sages say: [It is regarded as a] vineyard, the intervening vines being treated as if they were not [in existence].  [The statement], however, of R. Nahman who follows the Rabbis [cannot very well be considered satisfactory; for] we have heard [a definition of] scattered [trees, but] have we heard [a definition of] closely [planted trees]? — This [latter definition is arrived at] logically: Since according to R. Simeon [the distances between closely planted trees are] half [of those of scattered trees], according to the Rabbis also, [the proportion of the distances is a] half. Raba said: The law is [that a buyer of three trees acquires implicitly the ground also when the distances between the respective trees are] from four  to sixteen cubits.  In agreement with Raba's opinion it has been taught: How near [to each other] may [the trees] be? — [No nearer than] four cubits. And how far removed may they be? — [No more than]  sixteen cubits. [He who buys three trees of these] has [implicitly] acquired the [necessary] ground and the intervening [young] trees. Consequently, [if] a tree dries up or is cut down [the buyer of the trees] retains [his rights in] the ground. [If the distances between the trees are] less, or more than [the figures] given, or if [the trees] were purchased one after the other, [the buyer] does not acquire either the ground or the intervening [young] trees. Consequently, [if] a tree dries up or is cut down, [the buyer] retains no [title to the] ground. R. Jeremiah inquired: Does one measure [the required distances between the trees] from the thin  or thick  parts [of the trees]? — R. Gebiha of Be-Kathil said to R. Ashi: Come and hear! We learnt:  [In the case of] a layer  of the vine, one is to measure from the second root,  only. R. Jeremiah inquired: What is the law when one sold three branches of [one] tree, [four cubits distant from one another, and covered with alluvium at their knots so that they appear as three separate trees]?  — R. Gebiha of Be-Kathil said to R. Ashi: Come and hear! We learnt:  Where one bends three vines [covering the middle parts with earth so that the layers,  when detached from the original vines, may each form two vines] and their [new] roots are seen,  if there is a distance between them of four to eight cubits they combine, said R. Eleazar b. Zadok, to form a vineyard,  and if not, they do not combine. R. Papa inquired: What is the law when he sold two [trees] in his field and one on [its] border, [do they combine  or not]? [If it is replied that in this case they combine], what is the law [when he sold] two [trees] in his [own field] and one [tree which he owned together with its ground] in [the field] of his neighbour? — The matter stands undecided.