Bava Batra — Daf 119a

לעולם בתי אבות קא חשיב והא קא משמע לן דבנות צלפחד נטלו חלק בכורה אלמא א"י מוחזקת היא

אמר מר והבנים נטלו בזכות אבי אביהם ובזכות אבי אמותיהן והתניא בזכות עצמן לא קשיא הא כמאן דאמר ליוצאי מצרים הא כמאן דאמר לבאי הארץ

ואיבעית אימא הא והא לבאי הארץ ולא קשיא הא דהוה בן עשרים הא דלא הוה בן עשרים:

ושהיה בכור נוטל שני חלקים: ואמאי ראוי הוא ואין הבכור נוטל בראוי כבמוחזק אמר רב יהודה אמר שמואל ביתדות אהלים

מתיב רבה רבי יהודה אומר בנות צלפחד נטלו ד' חלקים שנאמר (יהושע יז, ה) ויפלו חבלי מנשה עשרה אלא אמר רבה ארץ ישראל מוחזקת היא

מיתיבי אמר רבי חידקא שמעון השקמוני היה לי חבר מתלמידי רבי עקיבא וכך היה רבי שמעון השקמוני אומר יודע היה משה רבינו שבנות צלפחד יורשות הן אבל לא היה יודע אם נוטלות חלק בכורה אם לאו

וראויה היתה פרשת נחלות ליכתב על ידי משה אלא שזכו בנות צלפחד ונכתבה על ידן

ויודע היה משה רבינו שהמקושש במיתה שנאמר (שמות לא, יד) מחלליה מות יומת אבל לא היה יודע באי זו מיתה הוא ימות וראויה היתה פרשת מקושש שתכתב ע"י משה אלא שנתחייב מקושש ונכתבה על ידו ללמדך

Fathers' houses are, in fact, enumerated. but  [Scripture] had taught us that the daughters of Zelophehad had [also] taken the portion of the birthright. Consequently,  the land of Israel was [regarded even before the conquest, as if it had already been] in the possession of Israel. The Master stated: 'Their sons received [shares] by virtue of the rights of the fathers of their fathers and the rights of the fathers of their mothers'.  Was it not taught [elsewhere], 'by virtue of their own rights'? — [This is] no difficulty. That  is in agreement with him who said [that the division was] in accordance with [the number of] those who came out of Egypt; this  is in agreement with him who said [that the division was] in accordance with [the number of] those who entered the land. If you like you may say: Both statements  [are in agreement with the view that the division was] in accordance with [the number of] those who entered the land and [yet] there is no difficulty. The one  [deals with the case of him] who was twenty years of age;  the other,  with the case of him who was not [yet] twenty years of age. SINCE HE WAS A FIRSTBORN SON [WHO] TAKES TWO SHARES. But why?  [Surely the estates of Hepher] were [only] prospective,  and a firstborn son is not [entitled] to take [a double share] in the prospective [property of his father] as in that which is in [his father's] possession [at the time of death]! — Rab Judah said in the name of Samuel: [The double share was] in tent pins. Rabbah raised an objection: [It has been taught that] R. Judah said, 'the daughters of Zelophehad took four portions, for it is said, and there fell ten parts to Manasseh!'  — But, said Rabbah, the land of Israel [was regarded even before the conquest as] in [actual] possession [of those who came out of Egypt]. An objection was raised: R. Hidka said: 'Simeon of Shikmona was my companion among the disciples of R. Akiba. And thus did R. Simeon of Shikmona say: Moses our Master knew that the daughters of Zelophehad were to he heiresses, but he did not know whether or not they were to take the portion of the birthright — And it was fitting that the [Scriptural] section of the laws of succession should have been written through Moses, but the daughters of Zelophehad merited it. and it was written through them.  Moses, furthermore, knew that the man who gathered sticks [on the Sabbath day]  was to he put to death, for it is said, Everyone that profaneth it shall surely be put to death,  but he did not know by which [kind of] death he was to die. And it was fitting that the section of the man who gathered sticks should have been written through Moses, only the gatherer had brought guilt upon himself and it was written through him. This teaches you