Pesachim

Slightly more than five quarters1 of flour are subject to hallah?2 — This is what he says: A kab of Meloga too is the equivalent of this quantity. R. Joseph said: Our women are accustomed to bake a kapiza3 at a time on Passover. Said Abaye to him, What is your intention? To be stricter!4 [But] it is strictness which leads to [unwarranted] leniency, as [the woman] exempts it from hallah?5 — Said he: They do as R. Eliezer. For we learned, R. Eliezer said: If he removes [loaves from the oven] and places [them] in a basket, the basket combines them in respect of hallah;6 whereon Rab Judah said in Samuel's name: The halachah is as R. Eliezer. Said he to him, But it was stated thereon, R. Joshua b. Levi said: They taught this only of Babylonian loaves, which cleave to each other,7 but not [of] cracknels?8 — Surely it was stated thereon, R. Hanina said: Even cracknels. R. Jeremiah asked: What of a board which has no ledges?9 Do we require the inside of a vessel, which is absent here; or perhaps we require the air space of a vessel, which is present? The question stands. It was taught: R. Eliezer said: The basket [only] combines them; R. Joshua said: The oven combines them;10 R. Simeon b. Gamaliel said: Babylonian loaves which cleave to each other combine.11 MISHNAH. R. GAMALIEL SAID: THREE WOMEN MAY KNEAD AT THE SAME TIME12 AND BAKE IN ONE OVEN, ONE AFTER THE OTHER. BUT THE SAGES RULE: THREE WOMEN MAY BE ENGAGED ON DOUGH AT THE SAME TIME,13 ONE KNEADING, ANOTHER SHAPING AND A THIRD BAKING.14 R. AKIBA SAID: NOT ALL WOMEN AND NOT ALL KINDS OF WOOD AND NOT ALL OVENS ARE ALIKE.15 THIS IS THE GENERAL PRINCIPLE: IF IT [THE DOUGH] RISES, LET HER WET16 IT WITH COLD WATER.17 GEMARA. Our Rabbis taught: Having kneaded [the dough] she forms it [in shape], while her companion kneads in her place; having formed [the dough] she bakes it, and her companion shapes [the dough] in her place, while the third [woman] kneads. [The first] having baked, she kneads [again], and her companion bakes in her place, while the third shapes [her dough]. And thus the round revolves.18 As long as they are engaged [in working] on the dough, it does not come to fermentation. R. AKIBA SAID: NOT ALL WOMEN etc. It was taught, R. Akiba said: I discussed [the matter] before R. Gamaliel: Let our Master teach us: Does this19 refer to energetic women or to women who are not energetic; to damp wood or to dry wood; to a hot oven or to a cool oven? Said he to me, You have nought else save what the Sages learned: IF IT RISES, LET HER WET IT WITH COLD WATER. MISHNAH. SI'UR20 MUST BE BURNT, WHILE HE WHO EATS IT IS NOT CULPABLE; SIDDUK21 MUST BE BURNT, WHILE HE WHO EATS IT [ON PASSOVER] IS LIABLE TO KARETH. WHAT IS SI'UR? [WHEN THERE ARE LINES ON THE SURFACE] LIKE LOCUSTS’ HORNS;22 SIDDUK IS WHEN THE CRACKS HAVE INTERMINGLED WITH EACH OTHER: THIS IS THE VIEW OF R. JUDAH. BUT THE SAGES MAINTAIN: REGARDING THE ONE AND THE OTHER,23 HE WHO EATS IT IS LIABLE TO KARETH.24 AND WHAT IS SI'UR? WHEN ITS SURFACE IS BLANCHED, LIKE [THE FACE OF] A MAN WHOSE HAIR IS STANDING [ON END]. GEMARA. Our Rabbis taught: What is si'ur.P Whenever its surface is blanched, like [the face of] a man whose hair is standing on end; sidduk is [when there are lines on the surface] like locusts’ horns: this is R. Meir's view. But the Sages maintain: What is si'ur? [When the lines on its surface are] like locusts’ horns; sidduk is when the cracks have intermingled with each other; and in both cases, he who eats it is liable to kareth. But we learned: SI'UR MUST BE BURNT, WHILE HE WHO EATS IT IS NOT CULPABLE . . THIS IS THE VIEW OF R. JUDAH? Say according to R. Meir, in both cases,25 he who eats it incurs kareth.26 Raba said: What is R. Meir's reason? There is not a single crack on the surface for which there are not many cracks below [the surface]. 27 therefore they all count as one. counted as one in respect of hallah. other. TIME.