Pesachim

one must not grease an oven with fat, and if he does grease it, all the bread [baked therein] is forbidden until the oven is refired. Which [implies], if the oven is refired it is nevertheless permitted? This is a refutation of Raba b. Ahilai! — [It is indeed] a refutation. Rabina said to R. Ashi: Now since Raba b. Ahilai was refuted, why did Rab say, Pots must be broken on Passover?1 — There it was a metal oven, replied he, [whereas] here an earthen pot [is referred to]. Alternatively, both refer to earthenware: this [the oven] is fired from the inside;2 while the other [the pot] is fired on the outside. And should you say, here too let him burn it [the pot] out from within, — he would spare it, lest it burst.3 Therefore a tiled pan,4 since it is burnt from without,5 is forbidden; but if he filled it with coals,6 it is permitted. Rabina asked R. Ashi: What does one do about the knives on Passover? — I provide [make] new ones for myself, he replied. That is well for you, who can [afford] this, said he to him, [but] what about one who cannot [afford] this? I mean like new ones, he answered: [I thrust] their handles in loam, and their blades in fire, and then I place their handles in boiling water.7 But the law is: both the one and the other8 [need only be put] into boiling water, and in a ‘first’ vessel. 9 R. Huna the son of R. Joshua said: A wooden pot ladle must be purified10 in boiling water and in a ‘first’ vessel. [Thus] he holds, as it absorbs, so it exudes. 11 Meremar was asked: Glazed vessels, may they be used on Passover? About green ones there is no problem, as they are certainly forbidden;12 the question is, how about black ones and white ones? Again, if they have splits there is no question, as they are certainly forbidden;13 the question is, what about smooth ones? Said he to him: We see that they exude,14 which shows that they absorb; hence they are forbidden; and the Torah testified concerning an earthen vessel that it [the absorbed matter] never passes out from its sides.15 And what is the difference in respect of wine of nesek,16 that Meremar lectured: Glazed vessels,17 whether black, white, or green, are permitted?18 And should you answer, [the interdict of] wine of nesek is [only] Rabbinical, [whereas that of] leaven is Scriptural, — surely whatever the Rabbis enacted, they enacted similar to Scriptural law? — Said he to him: This is used with hot [matter], while the other is used with cold.19 Raba b. Abba said in R. Hiyya b. Ashi's name in Samuel's name: All utensils which were used with leavened matter [hamez], cold, may be used with unleavened bread [mazzah], except a container of se'or, because it is strongly leaven.20 R. Ashi said: And a haroseth21 container is like a container of se'or, because it is strongly leaven. Raba said: The kneading basins of Mahuza,22 since leaven is continually kneaded in them and leaven is kept in them are like a container of se'or, which is strongly leaven. That is obvious? — You might say, since they are wide, the air acts on them and they do not absorb. Therefore he informs us [otherwise]. MISHNAH. IF A GENTILE LENT [MONEY] TO AN ISRAELITE ON HIS LEAVEN,23 AFTER PASSOVER IT IS PERMITTED FOR USE. WHILE IF AN ISRAELITE LENT [MONEY] TO A GENTILE ON HIS LEAVEN, AFTER PASSOVER IT IS PROHIBITED FOR USE.24 GEMARA. It was stated: [In the case of] a creditor, — Abaye said: He collects retrospectively;25 while Raba said: He collects from now and onwards.26 Now, where the debtor sanctified [the pledge] or sold [it], all agree that the creditor can come and seize it, 27 traces of fat. Then let the pots too be subjected to fire, which would likewise expel the absorbed leaven. that into which the water is poured from the ‘first’. leaven from a ‘first’ vessel, for it is used for stirring contents of the pot on the fire, it exudes only when likewise placed in a first vessel. for his deity. anything placed therein. belonged to him from the time of the loan.