מנחות 90:1 — Soncino English Talmud

and if they are not admissible as the original obligatory burnt-offerings, they are nevertheless admissible as freewill burnt-offerings; but here [in the case of the guilt-offering of a leper] if you do not regard it as the originally named [offering, it cannot be offered at all, for] there is no such thing as a freewill guilt-offering. There has been taught [a Baraitha] that is in accord with R. Johanan: If the guilt-offering of a leper was slaughtered under any name other than its own, or if [the priest] did not apply some of the blood upon the thumb and great toe [of the leper], it is nevertheless offered upon the altar and it requires drink-offerings; but [the leper] must bring another guilt-offering to render him permitted. MISHNAH. ALL THE MEASURES IN THE TEMPLE WERE HEAPED EXCEPTING [THAT USED FOR] THE HIGH PRIEST'S [MEAL-OFFERING] WHICH INCLUDED IN ITSELF THE HEAPED MEASURE. THE OVERFLOW OF THE LIQUID-MEASURES WAS HOLY, BUT THE OVERFLOW OF THE DRY-MEASURES WAS NOT HOLY. R. AKIBA SAID, THE LIQUID-MEASURES WERE HOLY, THEREFORE THEIR OVERFLOW WAS HOLY TOO; THE DRY-MEASURES WERE NOT HOLY, THEREFORE THEIR OVERFLOW WAS NOT HOLY. R. JOSE SAID. IT IS NOT ON THAT ACCOUNT BUT BECAUSE LIQUIDS ARE STIRRED UP AND DRY-STUFFS ARE NOT. GEMARA. Who is [the author of our Mishnah]? Should you say R. Meir, but according to him only one measure was heaped up. And should you say the Rabbis, but according to them there was only one [tenth-measure] and that was levelled! — R. Hisda answered, Indeed it is R. Meir, but the expression ALL THE MEASURES’ means all the measurings. THE OVERFLOW OF THE LIQUID-MEASURES WAS HOLY. What is the point at issue between them? — The first Tanna is of the opinion that the liquid-measures were anointed both inside and outside, but the dry-measures were anointed inside only but not outside. R. Akiba is of the opinion that the liquid-measures were anointed both inside and outside but the dry-measures were not anointed at all. R. Jose is of the opinion that both [the liquid-measures and the dry-measures] were anointed inside only and not outside, but this is the reason [for the ruling of our Mishnah]: liquids are stirred up, and therefore the overflow comes from the inside of the vessel’, but dry-stuffs are not stirred up at all. But even if [liquids are] stirred up, what does it matter? The man surely intends to hallow only that which he requires? — Said R. Dimi b. Shishna in the name of Rab, This proves that vessels of ministry can hallow even without the [owner's] intention. Rabina, however, said, I can still hold that vessels of ministry hallow only with the [owner's] intention, [nevertheless the overflow is deemed to be holy, for otherwise] it is to be feared that people will say that one may take out what has already been in a vessel of ministry for secular use. R. Zera raised the following objection: [We have learnt:] If he set the Shewbread and the dishes [of frankincense] on the day after the Sabbath and burnt the dishes of frankincense on the next Sabbath, it is not valid. What should he do? He should leave it until the following Sabbath, for even if it remains many days on the table there is no harm. But why [is it allowed to be left for a longer period]? Might not people say, that one may allow holy things to remain in a vessel of ministry? — You surely cannot point out a contradiction between [what is performed] inside and [what is performed] outside; [what is performed] inside not everybody is aware of, but [what is performed] outside everybody is aware of. We have learnt elsewhere: The surplus of the drink-offerings was used for the altar's ‘dessert’. What is meant by ‘the surplus of the drink-offerings’? — R. Hiyya b. Joseph said, It is the overflow of the measures. R. Johanan said, It is as we have learnt: If a man had undertaken to supply fine flour at four [se'ahs a sela’] and the price subsequently stood at three [se'ahs a sela’], he must still supply it at four;24^ᵃ^ᵇ^ᶜ^ᵈ^ᵉ^ᶠ^ᵍ^ʰ^ⁱ^ʲ^ᵏ^ˡ^ᵐ^ⁿ^ᵒ^ᵖ^ᵠ^ʳ^ˢ^ᵗ^ᵘ^ᵛ^ʷ^ˣ

^ᵃnote:Accordingly in the circumstances stated, neither the lamb of the ‘Omer would require a double meal-offering, nor the daily offerings the special offering of wood, since they could be offered as freewill burnt-offerings.
^ᵇnote:To enter the camp of Israel, for he has not fulfilled his obligation with the first guilt-offering.
^ᶜnote:This measure when filled level held as much as the others when heaped.
^ᵈnote:When a liquid is being poured into a vessel what comes into the vessel last does not merely lie on the surface of what was poured in before it, but the entire liquid in the vessel is stirred up. Accordingly when the vessel is filled to overflowing, the overflow is not only of that liquid which was poured on the vessel after the vessel had been filled, but is also of the liquid displaced from the inside of the vessel; and as the latter has been hallowed in the vessel the overflow must of necessity be holy.
^ᵉnote:V. supra 87a.
^ᶠnote:I.e., whenever this one measure was used it was filled to a heap.
^ᵍnote:Sc. the outer rim of the vessel. Hence the overflow as it passes over this rim becomes hallowed.
^ʰnote:But what was placed in them was hallowed by word of mouth. Accordingly only what was required for the man's purpose was thus hallowed, but not the overflow.
^ⁱnote:And not the overflow. This question lies against all three Tannaim. V. Mishneh le-melek on Maim. Yad, Ma'ase Hakorb., II, 9.
^ʲnote:The overflow is automatically hallowed by the vessel even though the owner does not desire it.
^ᵏnote:Because of this apprehension it was decreed that the overflow of liquids which comes from the inside of the vessel is holy.
^ˡnote:V. infra 100a; Yoma 29b.
^ᵐnote:As is normally required.
^ⁿnote:For the Shewbread must remain on the table for seven days, whereas here it remained there only for six days.
^ᵒnote:I.e., for thirteen days.
^ᵖnote:And so long as it is in a vessel of ministry it does not become invalid by being kept overnight or for any longer period.
^ᵠnote:Sc. the arrangement of the Shewbread, which is performed inside the Temple where only priests entered.
^ʳnote:Sc. the measuring of the meal-offering, which is performed outside the Temple in the Temple court where all Israelites were permitted to enter.
^ˢnote:And there is ground for the apprehension.
^ᵗnote:Shek. IV, 4; Keth. 106b.
^ᵘnote:.he ‘summer fruit’; cf. II. Sam. XVI, 1, 2. These were the burnt-offerings offered after all the public and private offerings of that day had been offered so that the altar should not remain idle. V. Shebu., Sonc. ed., p. 50 n. 3.
^ᵛnote:Shek. IV, 9; B.M. 57b.
^ʷnote:And he was paid by the Temple-treasurer a certain sum of money.
^ˣnote:For in regard to Temple matters the payment of money binds the contract even though the goods have not yet passed either actually or symbolically into the possession of the Temple.