Ketubot

If so,  what [do the words of R. Jose mean] 'Great is the presumption'?  — Till now  they ate [only] Rabbinical terumah.  [and] now they ate Biblical terumah.  And if you wish, you may say: now also they ate Rabbinical terumah  [and] did not eat Biblical terumah,  and when does one raise [a person] from terumah to the status of a priest. In the case of Biblical terumah, but in the case of Rabbinical terumah one does not raise. If so,  what [is the meaning of the words] 'Great is the presumption'?  — Although one might have forbidden [Rabbinical terumah] because of Biblical terumah,  this has not been forbidden. But did they not eat Biblical terumah? Surely it is written: 'that they should not eat of the most holy things', [implying] 'the most holy things' they did not eat, but Biblical terumah they did eat! — [No]. He means thus: Neither [may they eat] anything that is called 'holy thing's  as it is written: 'And no stranger shall eat of the holy thing', nor anything which is called 'holy thing'. for it is written: 'And if a priest's daughter be married into a stranger. she shall not eat of the peace-offering of the holy things'  — and a Master said: [that this means] that which has been set aside from the holy things she shall not eat. Come and hear: A presumption for the priesthood is constituted by the 'lifting up of the hands' in Babylonia, and the eating of the hallah  in Syria, and taking a share in [the priestly] gifts  in large cities.  In any case he mentions [here] the 'lifting up of the hands'; is it not with regard to the full status of the priest?  — No, with regard to terumah.  But he teaches [the ruling regarding terumah] as analogous to the eating of hallah,' just as the eating of hallah [entitles a person] to the full status of a priest, so does the lifting up of the hands [entitle a person] to the full status of a priest? — No. the eating of the hallah itself merely [serves as evidence] regarding terumah, [for] he holds that hallah in our days  is Rabbinical and terumah is Biblical and one raises [a person] from Rabbinical hallah to Biblical terumah.  and [it is] as R. Huna. the son of R. Joshua. reversed [the words of] the Rabbis. Come and hear: A presumption for the priesthood is [constituted by] the 'lifting up of the hands' and taking a share [at the distribution of the [priestly gifts] at the threshing floors  in the Land of Israel;  in Syria and in all places to which the messengers of the new moon come  the 'lifting up of the hands' is evidence, but not taking a share at the threshing floors.  Babylonia is like Syria. R. Simeon b. Gamaliel, says: Also Alexandria in Egypt formerly. because there was there a permanent court of law.  In any case he teaches [here] the 'lifting up of the hands'; is it not with regard to the full status of the priest? — No, with regard to hallah. But he teaches [the rule regarding the lifting up of the hands] as analogous to taking a share at the threshing floors: just as taking a share at the threshing floors [serves as evidence] in respect of the status of a priest, so does the 'lifting up of the hands' [serve] in respect of the status of a priest! — No, taking a share at the threshing floors itself [serves as evidence only as] to hallah, for he holds that terumah in our days is Rabbinical and hallah is Biblical and one raises [a person] from Rabbinical terumah to Biblical hallah, even as the Rabbis. whom R. Huna the son of R. Joshua found [in discourse]. For R. Huna, the son of R. Joshua, found the Rabbis in the School of Rab sitting  and saying: Even according to him who says that terumah in these days is Rabbinical. hallah is Biblical, for during the seven [years] that they  conquered [the Land] and during the seven [years] that they distributed [it]  there was a duty upon them [to separate] hallah, but there was no duty upon them [to separate] terumah. And I said to them: On the contrary, even according to him who says [that] terumah in these days is Biblical, hallah is Rabbinical, for it has been taught: [It is written:] 'In your coming'.  If 'in your coming'  you might think as soon as two or three spies had entered it? [Therefore] it is said in your coming'.  I have spoken of the coming of all and not of the coming of a portion of you. Now when Ezra brought them up