Bava Batra

he must pay him [for it] the price  of wheat!  — [Of] pulse. a quarter  [of a kab must be accepted; of] sandy matter less  than a quarter. And [need he] not [accept] a [full] quarter [of a kab of] sandy matter? Surely it has been taught: [If] one sells fruit to another, [the buyer] must accept, [in the case of] wheat, a quarter [of a Lab of] pulse  for [each] se'ah; [in the case of] barley, he must accept a quarter [of a kab of] chaff  for [each] se'ah; [in the case of] lentils, he must accept a quarter [of a kab of] sandy matter  for [each] se'ah. Now, may it not be assumed that the same law  [applies not only to lentils but also] to wheat and to barley?  Lentils are different [from wheat and barley], because they are usually plucked.  But [since] the reason why lentils [are allowed a full quarter of a kab of sandy matter is] because they are usually plucked while wheat and barley [are] not, infer [then] from this, [that in the case of] wheat and barley [the buyer need] not accept [a full quarter of a kab] of sandy matter!  — [It may be retorted that a buyer], in fact, must accept [a full quarter of a kab of] sandy matter [in the case also of] wheat and barley  lentils, [however,] had to be [specifically mentioned].  Because it might have been thought that, since they are usually plucked, [the buyer] must accept even more than a quarter [of a kab], [the quantity], therefore, had to be [specifically] stated. R. Huna said: If [the buyer] wishes to sift  [and, on sifting, the quantity of the refuse is found to be more than what is permitted]. he may sift all of it [and the seller must compensate him for all the refuse, even for the permitted quantities]. Some say, [this is the] law; and others say, [this is a] penalty. Some say [this is the] law, [because] whoever pays money. pays it for good fruit,  but a person does not take the trouble [to sift, if the refuse only amounts to] a quarter [of a kab for every se'ah;  if] more than a quarter, a person does take the trouble; and, since he takes the trouble [to start sifting], he takes [a little more] trouble with all of it.  And others say, [this is a] penalty,  [because] it is usual [only for] a quarter [of a kab of refuse] to be found [in each se'ah];  more is not usual; he himself [therefore must have] mixed it. and since he has mixed [at least some of] it, the Rabbis have imposed upon him the penalty [of paying] for all. (Mnemonic: Every two bills of Rabin son of R. Nahman [are] overcharge and undertaking.) An objection was raised.  [It has been taught:]  Every se'ah [of produce] which contains a quarter [of a kab] of another kind shall be reduced  [in order that it be permitted to be sown].  Now, it has been assumed that the quarter [in the case] of kilayim  is [in the same category] as [the quantity of] more than a quarter here,  and yet it has [only] been taught. 'it shall be reduced',  [while the rest may be sown. Why, then, in the case of a purchase,  must compensation be paid for all the refuse]? — No; a quarter [in the case] of kilayim is [in] the same [category] as a quarter here.  If so,  why should it be reduced? — On account of the restrictions of the law of kilayim.  If so,