Parallel
חולין 61:1
Soncino English Talmud · Berean Standard Bible
which implies, as the eagle is peculiar in that it has neither an extra toe nor a crop, its gizzard cannot be peeled, it seizes prey and eats it, and is unclean, so all that have the like characteristics are unclean. [It is also written,] Turtle doves, which implies, as the turtle dove has an extra toe and a crop, its gizzard can be peeled, it does not seize prey and eat it, and is clean, so all that have the like characteristics are clean! — Abaye answered: They were not expressly stated in the Torah but were inferred by the Scribes. R. Hiyya taught: A bird that has one characteristic [of cleanness] only, is clean, since it obviously is not of the same species as the eagle; for you may not eat the eagle as it has no characteristics [of cleanness], but whatsoever has one characteristic you may eat. But let us rather infer [the rule] from turtle doves thus: As turtle doves have the four [characteristics of cleanness], so all birds must have the four [characteristics]! — If so, why does the Divine Law specify all the other Unclean birds? But let us infer it from these [unclean birds specified in the Torah] thus: As these have three [characteristics of cleanness] and yet we may not eat them, so we may not eat all birds that have three [characteristics], (and a fortiori if it has but two [characteristics] or only one [characteristic of cleanness])! — If so, why does the Divine Law specify the raven? Surely if we may not eat those that have three [characteristics of cleanness] it goes without saying [that we may not eat] those that have only two [characteristics]!
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