Yoma

therefore the text reads: Seven days shall the son that is priest in his stead put them on, even he who cometh into the tent of meeting [etc.],1 i.e., he who is worthy of entering the tent of meeting. Now if this were the case,2 then he too would be fit [to enter the tent of meeting]? — R. Nahman b. Isaac said: This is what it means: Whosoever was mainly anointed for the [purpose of] the tent of meeting, that excludes him who was anointed mainly for Battle. The following objection was raised: The Anointed for Battle officiates neither in four garments, like a common priest, nor in eight like a high priest? — Abaye said: Would you render him then a common man?3 Rather: Neither like a high priest, for the sake of preventing ill-feeling;4 nor like a common priest, because one promotes to a higher degree of sanctity, but one must not degrade’. R. Adda b. Ahabah said to Raba: But there is a Tanna who pays no attention to the prevention of ill-feeling, yet according to him, he does not officiate?5 For it was taught:6 In the following points a high priest differs from a common priest: the bullock of the priest anointed;7 and the bullock due in case of [unwitting] transgression of any commandment;8 the bullock of the Day of Atonement; the tenth of the ephah;9 he does not unbind his hair, nor rend his clothes.10 But he [the high priest] tears his garments from below, and the common priest tears his from above; he must not defile himself for his [deceased] relatives;11 he is under obligation to marry only a virgin;12 is prohibited from marrying a widow;13 causes the slayer to return;14 as onen [mourner]15 he may offer up a sacrifice but may not eat or take a share thereof; he receives his portion first and takes first part in the offering [of the sacrifice]; he officiates in eight garments; is exempt16 [from a sacrifice] for [an unwitting transgression of] defilement relating to the Sanctuary and its hallowed thing, and the whole service of the Day of Atonement is legitimate only when performed by him. All these [laws] apply also to priests consecrated by a larger number of official garments, with the exception of the bullock to be offered up for the transgression of any commandment. All these apply to the high priest who has passed from his high priesthood,17 with the exception of the bullock of the Day of Atonement and the tenth of the ephah. All these things do not apply to the priest Anointed for Battle, with the exception of five matters mentioned in that portion of the section: he does not unbind his hair, nor rend his clothes; nor defile himself with any [deceased] relative; is obliged to marry a virgin; forbidden to marry a widow; and causes the slayer to return-according to R. Judah; whereas, according to the Sages, he does not cause him to return.18 Whence does he [the Tanna] consider [the question of] enmity [to arise]? Only with regard to one of similar rank.19 But with one of inferior rank he does consider it.20 R. Abbahu was sitting and reporting this teaching in the name of R. Johanan, whereupon R. Ammi and R. Assi averted their faces.21 (Some say it was R. Hiyya b. Abba who reported this teaching, whereupon R. Ammi and R. Assi averted their faces). To this R. Papa demurred: Granted [that they could not say anything against] R. Abbahu, because of the high regard the Imperial house had for him, but as for R. Hiyya b. Abba, they should have told him explicitly that R. Johanan had not said so! When Rabin came, he said: This22 was stated with reference to the time when he is consulted.23 Thus also was it taught: The garments which the high priest wears when he officiates the Anointed for Battle wears when he is consulted. Our Rabbis taught: How were [the Urim and Thummim] inquired of? — The inquirer had his face directed to him who was consulted, and the latter directed himself to the Divine Presence. The inquirer said: Shall I pursue after this troop?24 He who was consulted answered: ‘Thus saith the Lord: Go up and succeed’! R. Judah said: He need not say, ‘This saith the Lord’ but only ‘Go up and succeed’ — One does not inquire in a loud voice, as it is said: Who shall inquire for him;25 neither shall one but think thereof in one's heart, as it is said: ‘Who shall inquire for him’;25 but rather in the manner in which Hannah spoke in her prayer, as it is said: Now Hannah, she spoke in her heart.26 One should not put two questions at the same time; if one has done so, only one [question] is answered; and only the first [question] is answered, as it is said: Will the men of Keilah deliver me up into his hand? Will Saul come down,27 etc. . . . and the Lord said.’ He will come down.27 But you said: Only the first [question] is answered? — David had asked the law of the Torah, the Anointed for Battle could officiate. of fine flour for a meal-offering. day of death. from his high priesthood continues to officiate with eight garments, and yet the Anointed for Battle he permits the use only of four garments. ill-feeling in the high priest.