שבת 27:1 — Soncino English Talmud

— He deduces it from, or raiment. For it was taught: 'raiment': I only know [it] of raiment, how do I know [it of] three [handbreadths] square of other materials? Therefore it is stated, 'or raiment.' And Abaye? how does he employ this or raiment! — He utilizes it to include three [fingerbreadths] square of wool or linen, that it becomes unclean through creeping things. And Raba? — The Merciful One revealed this in reference to leprosy, and the same holds good of reptiles. And Abaye? — It [the analogy] may be refuted: as for leprosy, [the reason is] because the warp and the woof [of wool or linen] become defiled n their case. And the other? — Should you think that leprosy is stricter, let the Divine Law write [it] with reference to reptiles, and leprosy would be learnt from them. And the other? — Leprosy could not be derived from reptiles, because it may be refuted: as for reptiles, [the reason is] because they defile by the size of a lentil. Abaye said: This Tanna of the School of R. Ishmael rebuts another Tanna of the School of R. Ishmael. For the School of R. Ishmael taught: 'A garment': I know it only of a woollen or a linen garment: whence do I know to include camel hair, rabbit wool, goat hair, silk, kallak, and seritim? From the verse, or raiment'. Raba said: When does this Tanna of the School of R. Ishmael reject [the defilement of] other materials? [Only in respect of] three [fingerbreadths] square; but [if it is] three [handbreadths] square, be accepts it. But it was Raba who said that in respect of three [handbreadths] by three in other clothes, R. Simeon b. Eleazar accepts [their liability to defilement], while the Tanna of the School of R. Ishmael rejects it? — Raba retracted from that [view]. Alternatively, this latter [statement] was made by R. Papa. R. Papa said: 'So all [are of wool or flax], is to include kil'ayim. But of kil'ayim it is explicitly stated, Thou shalt not wear a mingled stuff, wool and linen together? — I might argue, That is only in the manner of wearing, but to place it over oneself any two materials [mingled] are forbidden. Now, does that not follow a fortiori': if of wearing, though the whole body derives benefit from kil'ayim, you say, wool and linen alone [are forbidden] but nothing else; how much more so wrapping oneself! Hence this [dictum] of R. Papa is a fiction. R. Nahman b. Isaac said: 'So all etc.'^ᵃ^ᵇ^ᶜ^ᵈ^ᵉ^ᶠ^ᵍ^ʰ^ⁱ^ʲ^ᵏ^ˡ^ᵐ^ⁿ^ᵒ^ᵖ^ᵠ^ʳ^ˢ^ᵗ^ᵘ^ᵛ^ʷ^ˣ

^ᵃnote:Lev. XI, 32, q.v. 'Or' (Heb. [H]) is an extension.
^ᵇnote:This phrase always introduces a Baraitha, which contains the teaching of a Tanna. Since it is controverted by Abaye (v. text), Rashi deletes 'for it was taught', for it is axiomatic that an amora (Abaye was such) cannot disagree with a Tanna, and assumes that it is a continuation of Raba's statement. Tosaf. defends it, and the style too is that of a Baraitha.
^ᶜnote:Sc. that a garment is subject to defilement.
^ᵈnote:Not wool or linen.
^ᵉnote:'Or raiment' is in a passage referring to these.
^ᶠnote:How does he know that?
^ᵍnote:V. supra 26b.
^ʰnote:Does he not admit this?
^ⁱnote:I.e., the thread itself, whether warp or woof, is liable to defilement. But Scripture does not state this in reference to reptiles, and so the deduction of three fingerbreadths square may not apply to it either.
^ʲnote:Raba: how does he dispose of this refutation?
^ᵏnote:The extension of 'and the garment' supra 26b.
^ˡnote:Instead of leprosy.
^ᵐnote:A piece the size of a lentil is sufficient to defile, whereas the smallest leprous eruption to defile is the size of a bean, which is larger than a lentil.
^ⁿnote:Lit., 'wool of camels'.
^ᵒnote:I.e., stuffs made of these.
^ᵖnote:V. supra p. 86, n. 6.
^ᵠnote:Raba's successor; of many dicta it was not known whether they were his or Raba's; Tosaf. infra b. s.v. [H].
^ʳnote:In the first citation of the Tanna of the School of R. Ishmael, supra 26b.
^ˢnote:V. Glos. I.e., only a mixture of wool or flax is forbidden, but no other. Accordingly it does not relate to defilement at all, and does not contradict the other teaching of the School of R. Ishmael. — Rashi reads at the beginning of this passage, For R. Papa said, since this dictum of R. Papa explains why in his opinion the two are not contradictory.
^ᵗnote:Deut. XXII, 11.
^ᵘnote:Then a mixture of wool and linen alone is forbidden.
^ᵛnote:E.g., as a covering or wrap.
^ʷnote:When one wears a garment it comes into closer contact with the separate limbs of the body, affording them protection and warmth, than when he merely covers or wraps himself in a robe.
^ˣnote:Incorrect.