פסחים 98:1 — Soncino English Talmud

IF A MAN SEPARATES HIS PASSOVER-OFFERING AND DIES, HIS SON AFTER HIM MUST NOT BRING IT AS A PASSOVER-OFFERING BUT AS A PEACE-OFFERING. G E M A R A.R.Huna son of R.Joshua said, This proves three things: [i] Live animals may be [permanently] rejected; [ii] that which is rejected [even] ab initio is rejected; and [iii] rejection is applicable to monetary sanctity. IF A MAN SEPARATES HIS PASSOVER-OFFERING etc. Our Rabbis taught: If a man separates his Passover-offering and dies, — If his son is registered with him, he must bring it as a Passover-offering; [if] his son is not registered with him, he must bring it as a peace-offering on the sixteenth [of Nisan]. Only on the sixteenth, but not on the fifteenth: he holds, Vows and voluntary offerings may not be offered on a Festival. Now when did the father die? Shall we say that he died before midday [then how is it stated], ‘if his son is registered with him he must bring it as a peace-offering’? — But surely aninuth [bereavement] has previously fallen upon him! Again, if he died after midday, ‘[if] his son is not registered with him, he must bring it as a peace-offering’?-But midday has stamped it? Said Rabbah: In truth it is meant where he died before midday, and what does ‘he must bring it as a Passover-offering’ mean? He must bring it for the second Passover. Abaye said, It is taught disjunctively: If he died after midday, [and] his son is registered with him, he must bring it for the sake of a Passover. If he died before midday, [and] his son is not registered with him, he must bring it as a peace-offering. R. Sherabia said: In truth it means where he died after midday, the case being e.g., where his father was in a dying condition at midday. R. Ashi said: In truth it means that he died after midday, this being in accordance with R. Simeon, who maintained: Live animals cannot be [permanently] rejected. Rabina said: [It means] e.g., where he set it aside after midday and its owner died after midday, and he holds: [only] midday establishes it . M I S H N A H. IF A PASSOVER-OFFERING BECAME MIXED UP WITH OTHER SACRIFICES, ALL MUST BE LEFT TO GRAZE UNTIL THEY BECOME UNFIT [THROUGH A BLEMISH], THEN BE SOLD, AND FOR THE PRICE OF THE BEST ONE MUST PURCHASE [AN ANIMAL] OF EACH DENOMINATION, AND MAKE UP THE EXCESS FROM ONE'S PRIVATE PURSE. IF IT BECAME MIXED UP WITH FIRSTLINGS, -R. SIMEON SAID: IF [THE PASSOVER-OFFERING BELONGED TO] A COMPANY OF PRIESTS, THEY EAT [ALL ON THAT NIGHT]. G E M A R A.^ᵃ^ᵇ^ᶜ^ᵈ^ᵉ^ᶠ^ᵍ^ʰ^ⁱ^ʲ^ᵏ^ˡ^ᵐ^ⁿ^ᵒ^ᵖ^ᵠ

^ᵃnote:As now there are none registered for it.
^ᵇnote:As here: the animal being rejected from its original purpose, viz., a Passover-offering, it remains ineligible even for a peace-offering, for which it is fit, but must graze. There is an opposing view in Yoma 63b, and quoted infra, that only a dead animal can be rejected permanently.
^ᶜnote:This animal was not eligible for its purpose from the very outset. There is an opposing view in Suk. 33b that an animal can be permanently rejected only if it was originally eligible.
^ᵈnote:Since this animal is unfit for a Passover-offering, it was sanctified from the very outset only for its value, viz., that its redemption money should be expended on a sacrifice. Nevertheless it becomes permanently ineligible for the altar.
^ᵉnote:I.e., on the first of the Intermediate Days.
^ᶠnote:P. 288, n. 3.
^ᵍnote:Before the obligation of the Passover, which commences at midday. It is stated supra 91a that the Passover must not be sacrificed on behalf of an onen (v. Glos.) by himself, whereas the present passage implies that he brings it himself, even when he is not registered with others.
^ʰnote:As a Passover, and since it cannot be sacrificed as such it remains rejected and cannot be offered itself, as supra 96b ff.
^ⁱnote:If he did not keep the first through his bereavement.
^ʲnote:Hence if his son was registered with him, he must bring it as a Passover, since that obligation preceded his bereavement. But if his son was not registered with him, he must bring it as a peace-offering, for since his father was already in a dying condition, midday did not establish it as a Passover-offering.
^ᵏnote:But was not necessarily dying at midday.
^ˡnote:Save when they become actually unfit, e.g.,if they receive a blemish or are given as a harlot's hire (v. Deut. XXIII, 19).
^ᵐnote:But not the rest of the time allotted for its slaughtering. Hence it has not been established and therefore it cannot be rejected. Consequently, if his son was not registered with him, he must bring it as a peace-offering.
^ⁿnote:Lit., ‘lose’.
^ᵒnote:Lit., ‘house’. Thus: if three lambs of unequal value, one dedicated for a Passover-offering, another for a guilt-offering, and the third for a burnt-offering, became mixed up, they must all be sold. Since the best may have been any of the three sacrifices, he must buy an animal for each sacrifice at the cost of the best; naturally he will need more than they realized, and he must make that up himself.-Instead of ‘he must lose’ there is a variant: ‘and he must set aside’.
^ᵖnote:Which are offered in the same way as Passover-offerings, viz., the blood of both is sprinkled in the same way, and neither require the waving of the breast and shoulder, nor laying of the hands, nor libations.
^ᵠnote:Stipulating at the time of slaughtering: ‘Whichever is the Passover-offering, we sacrifice it as such, and whichever is the firstling, we offer it as such’.