Pesachim

MISHNAH. A WOMAN, WHEN SHE IS IN HER HUSBAND'S HOME, AND HER HUSBAND SLAUGHTERED ON HER BEHALF AND HER FATHER SLAUGHTERED ON HER BEHALF, MUST EAT OF HER HUSBAND'S. IF SHE WENT TO SPEND THE FIRST FESTIVAL IN HER FATHER'S HOME,1 AND HER FATHER SLAUGHTERED ON HER BEHALF AND HER HUSBAND SLAUGHTERED ON HER BEHALF, SHE MAY EAT WHEREVER SHE PLEASES. AN ORPHAN ON WHOSE BEHALF HIS GUARDIANS SLAUGHTERED2 MAY EAT WHEREVER HE PLEASES. A SLAVE OF TWO PARTNERS MAY NOT EAT OF EITHER.3 HE WHO IS HALF SLAVE AND HALF FREE4 MUST NOT EAT OF HIS MASTER'S.5 GEMARA. [Hence] you may infer from this that selection is retrospective?6 — [No:] what does ‘SHE PLEASES’ mean? At the time of the slaughtering.7 Now the following contradicts this: A woman, on the first Festival, eats of her father's; thereafter, if she desires she eats of her father's, [while] if she desires she eats of her husband's?8 There is no difficulty: there it means when she is eager to go [to her father's home];9 here [in our Mishnah] it means when she is not eager to go. For it is written, Then was I in his eyes as one that found peace [shalom],10 which R. Johanan interpreted: Like a bride who was found perfect [shelemah] in her father-in-law's home and is eager to go and recount her merits in her father's house, as it is written,11 And it shall be at that day, saith the Lord, that thou shalt call Me My husband [Ishi], and thou shalt call Me no more My Master [Ba'ali]:12 R. Johanan said: [That means] like a bride in her father-in-law's house, and not like a bride in her father's house.13 We have a little sister, and she hath no breasts14 R. Johanan said: This alludes to Elam, who was privileged to study but not to teach.15 I am a wall, and my breast like the towers thereof.16 R. Johanail said: ‘I am a wall’ alludes to the Torah; ‘and my breasts like the towers thereof,’ to scholars. While Raba interpreted: ‘I am a wall’ symbolizes the community of Israel; ‘and my breasts like the towers thereof’ symbolizes the synagogues and the houses of study. R. Zutra b. Tohiah said in Rab's name: What is meant by the verse, We whose sons are as plants grown up in their youth; whose daughters are as corner-pillars carved after the fashions of the Temples?17 ‘We whose sons are as plants’ alludes to the young men of Israel who have not experienced the taste of sin. ‘Whose daughters are as corner pillars,’ to the virgins of Israel who reserve themselves18 for their husbands; and thus it is said, And they shall be filled like the basins, like the corners of the altar.19 Alternatively. [a parallel is drawn] from the following. Whose garners are full, affording all manner of store.20 ‘Carved after the fashion of the Temple:’21 both the one and the other, the Writ ascribes [Praise] to them as though the Temple were built in their days. The word of the Lord that came unto Hosea the son of Beeri, in the days of Uzziah, Jotham, Ahaz, and Hezekiah, kings of Judah:22 Four prophets prophesied in one age, and the greatest of all of them was Hosea. For it is said, The Lord spoke at first with Hosea:23 did He then speak first with Hosea; were there not many prophets from Moses until Hosea? Said R. Johanan: He was the first of four prophets who prophesied in that age. and these are they: Hosea, Isaiah, Amos and Micah. The Holy One, blessed be He, said to Hosea, ‘Thy children have sinned,’ to which he should have replied. ‘They are Thy children, they are the children of Thy favoured ones they are the children of Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob; extend24 Thy mercy to them.’ Not enough that he did not say thus, but he said to Him: ‘Sovereign of the Universe! The whole world is Thine; exchange them for a different nation. Said the Holy One, blessed be He, ‘What shall I do with this old man? I will order him: "Go and marry25 a harlot and beget thee children of harlotry"; and then I will order him: "Send her away from thy presence." If he will be able to send [her] away. so will I too send Israel away.’ For it is said, And the Lord said unto Hose’!: ‘Go, take unto thee a wife of harlotry and children of harlotry’;26 and it is written, So he went and took Gomer the daughter of Diblaim.27 ‘Gomer’: Rab said, [That intimates] that all satisfied their lust [gomerim]28 on her; ‘the daughter of eat only if both agree that he should be registered with one. — A slave in a Jewish house has the status of a semi-Jew, and if circumcised he ate of the Paschal offering (v. Ex. XII, 44). validity in a legal sense. For it is assumed that the Mishnah means that the woman may eat of whichever offering she desires now, though she had not yet made her choice when it was killed and its blood was sprinkled. But the Passover-offering may be eaten only by those who had registered for it and on whose behalf it was killed. Hence when we say that her present choice permits her to eat thereof, it proves that this choice is retrospectively valid, as though she had declared it before the offering was killed. Actually there is a controversy (B.K. 51b; Bez. 38a; GIT. 25a) in this matter. 71b, (Sonc. ed.) pp. 445ff notes. nissu'in, the completion of marriage), and not like a bride in her father's house, which is after erusin (betrothal) only (Rashal).