פסחים 13:2 — Soncino English Talmud

when there is the normal rate of decrease; but when [the loss] exceeds the normal rate of decrease, [all agree that] he must sell it by a court order. How much more so here that it is entirely lost. R. JUDAH SAID FURTHER: TWO [UNFIT] LOAVES, etc. A Tanna recited before Rab Judah: on the top [gab] of the [Temple] iztaba. Said he to him: Does he then need to hide them? Learn: on the roof of the [temple] iztaba [portico]. Rehaba said in R. Judah's name: The Temple Mount consisted of a double colonnade. It was taught likewise: The Temple Mount consisted of a double colonnade. R. Judah said: It was called istewawnith, [being] a colonnade within a colonnade. UNFIT etc., why UNFIT? — Said R. Hanin: Since they were many they became unfit through being kept overnight. For it was taught: A thanksoffering may not be brought during the Feast of Unleavened Bread on account of the leaven therein. But that is obvious? — Said R. Adda b. Ahabah: We treat here of the fourteenth. and he [the Tanna] holds: Sacred food may not be brought to unfitness. Hence everybody brought it on the thirteenth, and since they were numerous they became unfit through being kept overnight. In R. Jannai's name it was said: They were fit, yet why are they called unfit? Because the sacrifice had not been slaughtered for them. Then let us slaughter [it]? — The sacrifice was lost. Then let us bring another sacrifice and slaughter [it]? — It is a case where he [the owner] had declared: ‘This [animal] is a thanksoffering and these are its loaves,’ this being in accordance with Rabbah. For Rabbah said: If the loaves are lost, other loaves may be brought. If the thanksoffering is lost, another thanksoffering may not be brought — What is the reason? The loaves are subsidiary to the thanksoffering, but the thanksoffering is not subsidiary to the loaves. Then let us redeem and free them as hullin? — But in truth it is a case where the sacrifice was slaughtered for them, but the blood was poured out. And with whom [does this agree]? With Rabbi, who said: The two things which permit, promote [to sanctity] without each other. For it was taught: The lambs of Pentecost sanctify the loaves only by shechitah. How so? If he kills them for their own purpose and sprinkles their blood for their own purpose, he [thereby] sanctifies the loaves. If he kills them for a purpose that is not theirs and sprinkles their blood for a purpose that is not theirs, he does not sanctify [thereby] the loaves — If he kills them for their own purpose but sprinkles their blood for a purpose that is not theirs, the bread is sanctified and not sanctified; this is Rabbi's ruling. R. Eleazar b. R. Simeon said: The bread always remains unsanctified until he kills [the lambs] for their own purpose and sprinkles their blood for their own purpose. — [No,] you may even say [that it agrees with] R. Eleazar son of R. Simeon; but the case we discuss here is where the blood was caught in a goblet and then spilled, while R. Eleazar son of R. Simeon holds as his father, who maintained: That which stands to be sprinkled is as though it were sprinkled. A Tanna taught: In R. Eleazar's name it was said: They [the loaves] were fit. As long as they [both] lay [there], all the people ate [leaven]; when one was removed, they kept [the leaven] in suspense, neither eating nor burning [it]; when both were removed, all commenced burning [their leaven]. It was taught, Abba Saul said:^ᵃ^ᵇ^ᶜ^ᵈ^ᵉ^ᶠ^ᵍ^ʰ^ⁱ^ʲ^ᵏ^ˡ^ᵐ^ⁿ^ᵒ^ᵖ^ᵠ^ʳ^ˢ

^ᵃnote:If unsold before it becomes interdicted.
^ᵇnote:The word may denote a bench or a portico. The reading ‘on the top’ (gab) implies the former rendering. Hence the question that follows, v. Rashi.
^ᶜnote:Surely they are intended to be exposed for public gaze.
^ᵈnote:V. Bez., Sonc. ed. p. 54, n. 9.
^ᵉnote:[GR. **. For a description of the Temple porticoes v. Josephus, Wars v, 5.3 v. also Derenbonrg, Essai p. 51.
^ᶠnote:Lit., ‘a double colonnade’. [kupf uhyx == GR. ** of Josephus, Wars V. 5.2. v. Hollis, F. J. Herod's Temple p. 15.]
^ᵍnote:Forty loaves accompanied the offering, ten of which were leaven.
^ʰnote:A thanksoffering may be eaten on the day that it is brought and the following night. But if it is brought on the fourteenth of Nisan the loaves of leaven may be eaten only until noon, and this Tanna holds that a sacrifice may not be brought at a time when the normal period for its consumption is lessened, so that it is likely to become unfit.
^ⁱnote:I.e., we need not assume that the reference is to loaves which were in fact unfit through having been kept overnight, but even if the sacrifice had not been slaughtered they are also so designated, because the loaves may not be eaten until the thanksoffering is killed on their behalf.
^ʲnote:Lit. , ‘on account of’.
^ᵏnote:For the loaves in that case can be redeemed.
^ˡnote:The loaves cannot be redeemed then.
^ᵐnote:The slaughtering and the sprinkling of the blood are both required before the loaves may be eaten; on the other hand, one alone suffices to promote them to that degree of sanctity (‘intrinsic sanctity, as opposed to ‘monetary’ sanctity); from which they cannot be redeemed.
^ⁿnote:Lit., ‘the solemn assembly’ — the term without further qualification always refers to Pentecost.
^ᵒnote:V. Glos. It is stated in Lev. XXIII, 19f: And ye shall offer . . . two he-lambs . . . and the priest shall wave them with the bread of the first fruits (i.e., the ‘two wave loaves’ mentioned in v. 17, q.v.) for a wave offering before the Lord, with the two lambs: they shall be holy to the Lord for the priest. In Men. 46a it is shown that these loaves are sanctified only by the ritual slaughter of the sacrifice.
^ᵖnote:Lit., ‘for their name — I.e., as the Pentecost sacrifices.
^ᵠnote:The loaves are sanctified in that they become unfit if taken without the sacred precincts and that they cannot be redeemed, for they are now intrinsically holy. Yet they are unsancitified in the sense that they may not be eaten.
^ʳnote:Thus the statement that our Mishnah refers to a case where the offering had been slaughtered but its blood was not sprinkled and thereby the loaves were sanctified, would appear to agree with Rabbi only.
^ˢnote:In the sense that the animal is unfit as a sacred offering which has become unfit. Yet it may not be eaten unless the blood is sprinkled.