פסחים 114:1 — Soncino English Talmud

R. Isaac b. Aha mentioned in legal discussions is the same as R. Isaac b. Phineas mentioned in homilies, and the token is ‘Hear ‘me [shema'uni], — my brethren [ahay] , and my people.’ Rabbah b. Bar Hanah said in R. Johanan's name in the name of R. Judah b. R. Il'ai: Eat onions [bazel] and dwell in the protection [bezel] [of your house], and do not eat geese and fowls lest your heart pursue you; reduce your food and drink and increase [expenditure] on your house. When ‘Ulla came, he said: In the West [Palestine] a proverb is current: he who eats the fat tail [allitha] must hide in the loft [‘alitha], but he who eats cress [kakule] may lie by the dunghill [kikle] of the town. M I S H N A H. THEY FILLED THE FIRST CUP FOR HIM; BETH SHAMMAI MAINTAIN: HE RECITES A BLESSING FOR THE DAY [FIRST], AND THEN RECITES A BLESSING OVER THE WINE; WHILE BETH HILLEL RULE: HE RECITES A BLESSING OVER THE WINE [FIRST], AND THEN RECITES A BLESSING FOR THE DAY. G E M A R A. Our Rabbis taught: [These are] the matters which are disputed by Beth Shammai and Beth Hillel in respect to the meal: Beth Shammai maintain: He recites a blessing for the day [first] and then recites a blessing over the wine, because the day is responsible for the presence of the wine; moreover, the day has already become sanctified while the wine has not yet come. But Beth Hillel maintain: He recites a blessing over the wine and then recites a blessing for the day, because the wine enables the kiddush to be recited. Another reason: the blessing for wine is constant, while the blessing for the day is not constant , [and of] that which is constant and that which is not constant, that which is constant comes first. Now the law is as the ruling of Beth Hillel. Why state [another reason]? — [This:] for should you argue: there we have two [reasons], whereas here there is [only] one, [I answer that] here also there are two, [for of] that which is constant and that which is not constant, that which is constant comes first. ‘Now the law is as the ruling of Beth Hillel’: that is obvious, since there issued a Bath Kol? — If you wish I can answer that this was before the Bath Kol. Alternatively, it was after the Bath Kol, and this is [in accordance with] R. Joshua who maintained We disregard a Bath Kol. MISHNAH. THEY THEN SET [IT] BEFORE HIM. HE DIPS THE LETTUCE BEFORE YET HE HAS REACHED THE AFTERCOURSE OF THE BREAD. THEY SET BEFORE HIM MAZZAH, LETTUCE [HAZERETH], AND HAROSETH AND TWO DISHES, THOUGH THE HAROSETH IS NOT COMPULSORY. R. ELEAZAR SON OF R. ZADOK SAID: IT IS COMPULSORY. AND IN THE TEMPLE THEY USED TO BRING THE BODY OF THE PASSOVER-OFFERING BEFORE HIM. G E M A R A.^ᵃ^ᵇ^ᶜ^ᵈ^ᵉ^ᶠ^ᵍ^ʰ^ⁱ^ʲ^ᵏ^ˡ^ᵐ^ⁿ^ᵒ^ᵖ^ᵠ^ʳ^ˢ^ᵗ^ᵘ^ᵛ

^ᵃnote:I Chron. XXVIII, 2. Thus in legal discussions (shema'ta, connected with shema'uni) his name appears as b. Aha (connected with ahay).
^ᵇnote:Do not spend overmuch on food, then you will be able to afford your house.
^ᶜnote:Do not cultivate a greedy appetite so that you are always wanting to eat.
^ᵈnote:He who squanders his money on costly dishes must hide from his creditors.
^ᵉnote:[Aliter: ‘place of assembly’ from Grk.**,a circle].
^ᶠnote:Afraid of none — not being in debt.
^ᵍnote:Lit. , ‘mixed. ,
^ʰnote:I.e. , the blessing on the sanctity of the Festival.
^ⁱnote:If it were not a festival no wine would be required.
^ʲnote:The festival automatically commences with the appearance of the stars, even if no wine as yet been brought to the table. Thus it is first in time, and therefore first in respect to a blessing too.
^ᵏnote:without wine or bread kiddush cannot be said. Bread is the equivalent of wine in this respect, and the blessing for bread precedes the blessing for the day.
^ˡnote:Whenever ‘wine is drunk a blessing over it is required, whereas the blessing of sanctification is confined to festivals.
^ᵐnote:[MS.M.: the halachah].
^ⁿnote:Is not the first sufficient?
^ᵒnote:Beth Shammai give two reasons for their view, whereas only one supports beth Hillel's
^ᵖnote:Proclaiming the law always to be as Beth Hillel; v. Er. 13b.
^ᵠnote:V. B.M. 59b.
^ʳnote:After having recited the kiddush over the wine.
^ˢnote:Rashi and Rashbam: vegetables. R. Han.: the table with the food, which was brought after kiddush.
^ᵗnote:Tosaf.: into water or vinegar, and eats it. This is to stimulate the child's wonder, as it Is unusual to commence the meal thus.
^ᵘnote:Viz., the bitter herbs, which are eaten after the unleavened bread. Bertinoro reads: before he has reached the breaking (i.e., the distribution) of the bread.
^ᵛnote:V. Glos.