Menachot

For a Master has said, Whence do I know it of the sin-offering and of the guilt-offering?1 Because the text states, The sacrifice.2 — That is so3 only where both offerings serve the same purpose.4 but where the guilt-offering serves to qualify [the person] and the sin-offering to make atonement [for him]5 we require two separate expressions [to include both]. ‘"The sacrifice" refers to the sin-offering of the leper’. Perhaps it refers to the sin-offering and guilt-offering of the Nazirite!6 — You cannot think of it, for it has been taught: It is written, And their meal-offering and their drink-offerings:7 this verse refers to his8 burnt-offering and his peace-offerings. You say it refers to his burnt-offering and his peace-offerings, but perhaps it is not so but rather it refers to his sin-offering;9 the text therefore states, And he shall offer the ram for a sacrifice of peace-offerings.10 Now the ram was included in the general statement of the law,11 why then was it singled out here? That everything be compared with it: as the ram12 is distinguished in that it may be offered either in fulfilment of a vow or as a freewill-offering, so everything that is offered either in fulfilment of a vow or as a freewill-offering [requires drink-offerings].13 ‘The expression "the burnt-offering" refers to the burnt-offering of the leper’. Perhaps it refers to the burnt-offering of a woman after childbirth!14 — Abaye answered, The burnt-offering of a woman after childbirth14 is derived from the latter part of the verse. For it was taught: R. Nathan says. ‘Lamb’15 refers to the burnt-offering of a woman after childbirth, and ‘each’15 to the eleventh of the cattle tithe.16 And this, that the accessory should be more weighty than the principal,17 we do not find elsewhere in the whole of the Torah. Raba said,18 What case is there that requires three separate terms to include [its offerings]? You must say it is the case of the leper.19 What need was there for the expression ‘for a ram’?20 — R. Shesheth said, It includes Aaron's ram.21 But is not Aaron's ram derived from the expression ‘in your appointed seasons’?22 — [No, for] I might have thought that that applied only to the offerings of the community but not to the offering of an individual. But wherein does it differ from the burnt-offering of a woman after childbirth?23 — I might have thought that only [an individual offering] which has no fixed time24 was included but not that which has a fixed time; the verse is therefore stated [to include Aaron's ram]. What need is there for the expression ‘or for a ram’?25 — It includes the pallax.26 This is quite in order according to R. Johanan who holds that it is a distinct species.27 For we have learnt:28 If a man [under an obligation to bring a lamb or a ram for his sacrifice] offered it [a pallax], he must bring for it the drink-offerings as for a ram, but he does not thereby discharge the obligation of his sacrifice. And R. Johanan said that the expression ‘or for in ram’ included the pallax. But according to Bar Padda who holds that he must bring [for it the drink-offerings as for a ram] and account for the possibilities,29 for it is only a case of doubt, it will be asked, is a verse ever stated in order to include what is in a condition of doubt?30 — This is obviously a difficulty according to Bar Padda. Thus shall it be done for each bullock, or for each ram, or far each of the lambs or of the kids.31 Wherefore did the text state, ‘For each bullock’?32 — It is because we find that Holy Writ distinguished between the drink-offerings of a ram and the drink-offerings of a lamb; and I might have thought that there should also be a distinction between the drink-offerings of a bullock and the drink-offerings of a calf; the text therefore stated, For each bullock. 33 Wherefore did the text state, ‘Or for each ram’?32 — It is because we find that Holy Writ distinguished between the drink-offerings of a sheep in its first year and those of one in its second year; and I might have thought that there should likewise be a distinction between the drink-offerings of a sheep in its second year and those of one in its third year; Scripture therefore stated, ‘Or for each ram’.34 Wherefore did the text state, ‘Or for each of the lambs’?35 — It is because we find that Holy Writ distinguished between the drink-offerings of a lamb and the drink-offerings of a ram; and I might have thought that there should likewise be a distinction between the drink-offerings of a ewe in its first year and those of a ewe in its second year; the text therefore stated, ‘Or for each of the lambs’.36 Wherefore did the text state, ‘Or of the kids’?37 — It is because we find that Holy Writ distinguished between the drink-offerings of a lamb and the drink-offerings of a ram; and I might have thought that there should likewise be a distinction between the drink-offerings of a kid and those of an older goat; the text therefore stated, ‘Or of the kids’. R. Papa said, Raba once tested us [with the following question]: instead of under the cauldron containing his peace-offering as is expressly stated in Scripture (Num. VI, 18), he has thereby fulfilled his obligation (Rashi). V. Nazir 45b. According to Tosaf. Whence do we know that the sin-offering and the guilt-offering are eaten the same day and the night until midnight? V. Zeb. 36a. includes both the sin-offering and the guilt-offering. serves to qualify him to resume his Nazirite vow, and the sin-offering brought at the completion of the Nazirite's vow serves to qualify him to resume a normal living, to drink wine and to cut his hair. sin-offering makes atonement for him, for the affliction of leprosy was regarded as a punishment for the seven sins enumerated in ‘Ar. 16a. drink-offerings; and so, too, the guilt-offering brought by the Nazirite after his involuntary defilement. and called the ninth tenth, the tenth ninth, and the eleventh tenth, all three become holy: the ninth may only be consumed when it has suffered a blemish, the tenth becomes the tithe, and the eleventh must be offered as a peace-offering and with it also drink-offerings. or subsidiary to the cattle tithe does. three offerings: a burnt-offering, a sin-offering and a guilt-offering. us, also requires drink-offerings. expression ‘in your appointed seasons’ includes Aaron's ram, accordingly the expression ‘for a ram’ is superfluous. twelve months it is termed a ‘lamb’ and after thirteen months it is termed a ‘ram’. Thus the pallax is included that it shall have the same drink-offerings as for a ram. then let that quantity which is required for a lamb be taken from these drink-offerings and let the remainder be regarded as a freewill-offering.