Menachot

— R. Isaac b. Abdimi said, Because it is written, They shall be.1 Perhaps it means ten kapizas!2 — Raba answered, The verse speaks of tenths. ‘We have now learnt that ten [tenths] are required for the leavened [cakes], but whence do we know that ten [tenths] are required for the unleavened [cakes]? The text therefore stated, With cakes of leavened bread; thus one must bring unleavened [cakes] in the same measure as the leavened [cakes]’. But may that which has itself been inferred by a hekkesh3 become the basis for another inference to be made from it again by a hekkesh?4 -[The original rule was derived] from itself and [from] something else,5 and [any rule derived] from itself and [from] something of the terumah of produce, and the suffix in each case excludes every other terumah. else is not regarded as a hekkesh.6 This is well according to him who does not regard this as a hekkesh, but what can be said according to him who regards this as a hekkesh?7 — The expression ‘ye shall bring’ is an amplifying text.8 MISHNAH. THE CONSECRATION [MEAL-OFFERING]9 CONSISTED OF [UNLEAVENED CAKES] LIKE THE UNLEAVENED CAKES OF THE THANK-OFFERING. NAMELY CAKES, WAFERS, AND SOAKED CAKES. THE NAZIRITE MEAL-OFFERING10 CONSISTED OF TWO THIRDS OF THE UNLEAVENED CAKES OF THE THANK-OFFERING. NAMELY CAKES AND WAFERS. BUT NOT SOAKED CAKES; THUS THERE WERE TEN KABS11 BY JERUSALEM MEASURE. WHICH ARE SIX TENTHS AND SOMETHING OVER.12 GEMARA. Whence is it derived?13 — Said R. Hisda in the name of R. Hama b. Guria, It is written, And out of the basket of unleavened bread that was before the Lord, he took one unleavened cake, and one oil-cake, and one wafer.14 Now ‘cake’ means cake, and ‘wafer’ means wafer; but what is meant by ‘oil-cake’? Surely it means a cake soaked in oil. R. Awia demurred, perhaps it means a cake of oil!15 — Rather it is derived from the exposition of R. Nahman b. R. Hisda in the name of R. Tabla. [It is written,] This is the offering of Aaron and of his sons, which they shall offer unto the Lord in the day when he is anointed.16 What do we learn in regard to ‘his sons’ from the offering ‘when he is anointed’? It is that the offering at the initiation [of the ordinary priest] shall be like the offering at the anointing [of the High priest]; as at the anointing [of the High priest] there was an offering of soaked cakes,17 so at the initiation [of the ordinary priest] there was an offering of soaked cakes.18 R. Hisda said, When the High Priest is inaugurated into the service he requires two tenths of an ephah for offerings, one on account of his anointing19 and the other on account of his initiation.19 Mar son of R. Ashi20 said, He requires three [tenths]. But they do not in fact differ, for the former refers to the case where he had already been serving in the Temple as an ordinary priest, and the latter to the case where he had not served in the Temple as an ordinary priest. 21 THE NAZIRITE MEAL-OFFERING CONSISTED OF TWO THIRDS OF THE UNLEAVENED CAKES OF THE THANK-OFFERING. Our Rabbis taught: ‘His peace-offerings’22 includes the peace-offering of the Nazirite, that it requires ten kabs [of flour], Jerusalem measure, and one quarter log of oil.23 I might think that [it includes the Nazirite-offering] in regard to all that is mentioned in the passage,24 the text therefore stated, Unleavened.25 How is this implied? — R. Papa answered, [It26 includes for the Nazirite-offering] only those kinds which are specified by the term ‘unleavened’, thus excluding the soaked cakes which are not specified by the term ‘unleavened’.27 A Tanna of the School of R. Ishmael taught: ‘A basket of unleavened bread’28 is a general statement, ‘cakes’ and ‘wafers’ are particular instances; we thus have a general statement followed by the enumeration of particular instances, in which case the scope of the general statement is limited to the particulars specified; thus only cakes and wafers, but nothing else. verse ten tenths; and as this measure cannot possibly refer to the Two Loaves, for it is expressly stated in this verse that the Two Loaves consist of two tenths, it can only refer to the leavened cakes of the thank-offering, which were contemplated by the superfluous expression at the beginning of the verse ‘ye shall bring’, v. supra p. 463. V. Tosaf. s.v. rnt for a variant text and a further interpretation. established by a comparison (hekkesh,aehv v. Glos.) with the Two Loaves, intimated in the verse by the expression ‘ye shall bring’. unleavened cakes shall also consist of ten tenths. The rule is well established that in matters appertaining to sacrifice one may not draw an inference by a hekkesh from that which has itself been inferred by a hekkesh. V. Zeb. 49b. was not entirely drawn from the case of the Two Loaves, inasmuch as the number of cakes, namely ten, is deemed to be expressly stated in connection with the leavened cakes of the thank-offering by virtue of the expression ‘they shall be’ (v. supra n. 3). Accordingly the leavened cakes supplied the rule that there must be ten cakes (i.e., derived ‘from itself’) and the Two Loaves supplied the rule that there must be a tenth for each cake (i.e., derived ‘from something else’); the result obtained is therefore not regarded as one obtained entirely by a hekkesh. has been interpreted as applying to the leavened cakes of the thank-offering; and as in this verse the measure of a tenth per cake is clearly intimated, it is established without a hekkesh that there must be ten tenths for the leavened cakes. Accordingly a further inference, namely in respect of the unleavened cakes, may be drawn from this. brought by ordinary priests at their initiation into service, and that of Aaron ‘when he is anointed’ and which was offered daily by the High Priest. reason of his initiation into service as the High Priest, and the third by reason of his anointing as High Priest. used for these two kinds in the thank-offering, namely ten kabs, and the same quantity of oil used for these two kinds, namely one quarter log. unleavened cakes spoken of in the Nazirite-offering signify these same cakes.