עירובין 92:2 — Soncino English Talmud

the vines are permitted; if vines grew in the lesser one it is permitted to sow in the larger one. If a woman was in the larger one, and her get was in the lesser one she is divorced thereby; but if the woman was in the lesser one and her get in the larger, she is not divorced. If a congregation was in the larger one and the Reader in the lesser one, they have dully performed their duty, but if the congregation was in the lesser one and the Reader in the larger one they have not performed their duty. If nine men were in the larger courtyard and one was in the lesser one they may all be combined, but if nine men were in the lesser one and one man in the larger one they may not be combined. If excrement was in the larger one it is forbidden to read the portions of the shema’ in the lesser one, but if it was in the lesser one it is permitted to read the shema’ in the larger one. Said Abaye to them, If so, do we not find here a case where a partition is a cause of prohibition, for in the absence of a partition one may sow at a distance of four cubits whereas now this is forbidden?’ But, retorted R. Zera to Abaye, do we not elsewhere also find a case where a partition is a cause of prohibition? Have we not in fact learnt: IF THE FULL. WIDTH OF A WALL OF A SMALL. COURTYARD WAS BROKEN DOWN SO THAT THE YARD FULLY OPENED INTO A LARGE COURTYARD, THE USE OF THE LARGER ONE IS PERMITTED, BUT THAT OF THE SMALLER ONE IS FORBIDDEN, BECAUSE THE GAP IS REGARDED AS A DOORWAY TO THE FORMER; but if its projections had been straightened the use of the large One also would have been forbidden? — There, the other replied, it is a case of the removal of partitions. ‘Do we not’, retorted Raba to Abaye, ‘find a partition to be the cause of a prohibition? Has it not in fact been stated:^ᵃ^ᵇ^ᶜ^ᵈ^ᵉ^ᶠ^ᵍ^ʰ^ⁱ^ʲ^ᵏ^ˡ^ᵐ^ⁿ^ᵒ^ᵖ^ᵠ^ʳ^ˢ^ᵗ^ᵘ^ᵛ^ʷ^ˣ^ʸ^ᶻ^ᵃᵃ^ᵃᵇ

^ᵃnote:Since the lesser courtyard cannot influence the larger one which remains independent of it.
^ᵇnote:Even ab initio.
^ᶜnote:Cf. supra n. 6. The line of contact between the courtyards being regarded as a doorway to the larger one and, a doorway having the status of a partition, the corn may be sown even in close proximity to the vines (cf. B.B. 26a). In this case, since they were planed first, the vines also remain permitted (cf. Men. 15a).
^ᵈnote:Which her husband threw to her.
^ᵉnote:And she was the owner of both courtyards.
^ᶠnote:Even according to the view (Git. 77b) that a woman cannot be divorced by the thrusting of a get into her domain unless she was herself present at the time within that domain.
^ᵍnote:Since the lesser courtyard is regarded as a part of the larger one in which she was actually present,
^ʰnote:Because the larger courtyard forms no part of the lesser one, while the woman within the latter (who, as a rule, has no desire to acquire a get to be divorced) cannot be deemed to be transferred to the larger courtyard.
^ⁱnote:Sheliah zibbur, lit., ‘the messenger of the congregation’, who reads the prayers for, and on behalf of those who are themselves unable to read them.
^ʲnote:Of prayer. The Reader in the lesser courtyard which is regarded as a part of the larger one is deemed to be in the same place as the congregation.
^ᵏnote:since the Reader in the larger courtyard, which (as explained supra) is independent of the’ lesser one, cannot be regarded as present with them in the lesser one, while a whole congregation cannot be deemed to be transferred from their position and shifted towards the position of an individual.
^ˡnote:To form a quorum of ten, the minimum number required for a public religious service (cf. supra p. 639, n. 15 mut. mut.)
^ᵐnote:Cf. supra n. 1 mut. mut.
^ⁿnote:Keri'ath shema’, lit., ‘the reading of the shema’, the passages from Deut. VI, 4-9 XI, 13-21, and Num. XV, 37-41 the first of which begins with the words ‘Shema’ Yisroel’ (‘Hear, O Israel’). The three passages form the central part of the morning and evening services.
^ᵒnote:Which is deemed to be a part of the former.
^ᵖnote:Which (as explained supra) is separated from the lesser one by a virtual doorway which has the status of a partition.
^ᵠnote:Sc. the virtual doorway (formed, by the projection of the sections of the larger courtyard on both sides of the smaller one) which has the status of a partition.
^ʳnote:I.e., but for the projections on both sides of the smaller one which have the status of a partition.
^ˢnote:From the vines; lit., ‘removes four cubits and sows’.
^ᵗnote:On account of the imaginary partition.
^ᵘnote:Since the entire area of the smaller courtyard is forbidden ground.
^ᵛnote:Cf. relevant note on our Mishnah.
^ʷnote:The sections of the larger courtyard that projected on both sides of the smaller one.
^ˣnote:By building partitions that cut out these projections from the larger courtyard.
^ʸnote:Which, on account of the partitions d, is now fully exposed to the smaller one as the latter is exposed to it.
^ᶻnote:Which is another case where a partition is the cause of a prohibition.
^ᵃᵃnote:The case just cited.
^ᵃᵇnote:The putting up of the new partitions removes the former partitions so that one cancels out the other. In the case cited by Abaye, however, there is only one set of partitions and these very partitions are the cause of the prohibition.