חגיגה 25:1 — Soncino English Talmud

THAT ARE MIXED UP, THEY ARE TRUSTED DURING THE SEASON OF THE WINE-PRESSES AND THE OLIVE-VATS AND PRIOR TO [THE SEASON OF] THE WINE-PRESSES SEVENTY DAYS. GEMARA. In Judea but not In Galilee: what is the reason? Resh Lakish said: Because a strip of [land inhabited by] Cutheans separates them. — Let it be brought then in a box, chest or turret! — This is according to Rabbi, who said: A tent in motion is not to be considered a tent. For it is taught: One who enters Gentile territory in a box, chest or turret, Rabbi declares to be unclean, and R. Jose b. Judah to be clean. — But let it be brought in an earthenware vessel fitted with a close-bound covering! R. Eliezer said: They teach: Hallowed things are not protected by a close-bound covering. — But it is taught: The [water of] purification is not protected by a close-bound covering. Surely this implies that hallowed things are protected! — No, it implies that water which is not yet sanctified is protected by a close-bound covering. — But ‘Ulla said: The Associates prepare [their hallowed things] in purity in Galilee! — They let them remain; and when Elijah comes he win purify them. AND ONLY AT THE SEASON OF THE WINE-PRESSES AND OLIVE VATS IN REGARD TO TERUMAH. Now we shall point to a contradiction. He who finished [gathering] his olives, let him leave one basket [for terumah] and give it to a poor priest! — R. Nahman said: There is no contradiction: the one [Mishnah] refers to early-ripening [olives], and the other refers to later ripening [olives]. Said R. Adda b. Ahaba to him: Which [are caned late-ripening]? Like those of your fathers. R. Joseph said: They taught this of Galilee. Abaye put an objection to him: Transjordania and Galilee are like Judea: they are trusted [there] In regard to the wine during the wine-season, and in regard to the oil during the oil-season; but not in regard to the wine during the oil-season, and not in regard to the oil during the wine-season? — The best [explanation], therefore, is that which was given at first. IF [THE SEASON OF] THE WINE-PRESSES AND OLIVE-VATS WAS PASSED, AND ONE BROUGHT TO HIM A JAR OF WINE OF TERUMAH, THE LATTER MAY NOT ACCEPT IT FROM HIM. HOWEVER, [THE ‘AM HA-AREZ,] MAY LEAVE IT FOR THE COMING [SEASON] OF THE WINE-PRESS. R. Shesheth was asked: If [the priest] transgressed and accepted It, may he leave it for the next [season of the] winepress?-He answered them: Ye have learnt it:^ᵃ^ᵇ^ᶜ^ᵈ^ᵉ^ᶠ^ᵍ^ʰ^ⁱ^ʲ^ᵏ^ˡ^ᵐ^ⁿ^ᵒ^ᵖ^ᵠ^ʳ^ˢ^ᵗ^ᵘ^ᵛ^ʷ^ˣ^ʸ^ᶻ

^ᵃnote:Explained in Gemara (p. 161) to mean that unconsecrated wine terumah and drink-offering are mixed together, though, as a rule, the expression is a technical term for the admixture of secular produce with terumah in proportions sufficient to make the whole prohibited to non-priests. ,ugnusnv In (‘mixed up’) is f. pl. part. pu'al, from (pi'el), denom. of gns == ‘(sacred) fruit’, from rt gns == ‘flow, weep’; cf. Ex. XXII, 28.
^ᵇnote:When it is customary to begin purifying the vessels for the wine. Though normally the ‘am ha-ares is not trusted in regard to his jugs even during the vat-season, in this case he is trusted, because he is believed in regard to the drink-offering therein; v. p. 161, n. 1.
^ᶜnote:I.e., Samari-tans; v. II Kings XVII, 24, 29, and J.E. vol. IV, p. 398. For the Talmudic attitude to Samaritans, v. /.E. vol. X, p. 672f (s. Religion). For censorial influence on word, v. last, s.v. h,uf .
^ᵈnote:The Sages declared heathen territory to be unclean, for fear of defilement by an undiscovered grave; v. Shab. 14b-15a. Thus even Associates could not bring sacred things (e.g., libations) from Galilee to the Temple, which was in Judah.
^ᵉnote:I.e., a kind of chest or case. These receptacles, it is held, could protect their contents against defilement.
^ᶠnote:I.e., such a receptacle. technically termed a tent, does not protect its contents from defilement.
^ᵍnote:V. Naz. 55a (Sonc. ed., p. 204 notes).
^ʰnote:V. Nun,. XIX, 15.
^ⁱnote:Read with MS.M.: R. Eleazar.
^ʲnote:Heb. ihbua an unusual expression for a Baraitha teaching, for which the most common formula is thb, (it is taught).
^ᵏnote:Lit., ‘delivered’, . sc. from defilement.
^ˡnote:I.e., the ashes of the red heifer had not yet been put in.
^ᵐnote:And may afterwards be used with the ashes for sprinkling.
^ⁿnote:I.e., their wine and oil for Temple use (Rashi).
^ᵒnote:Which, Implies that there is a way of transporting them in purity to the Temple.
^ᵖnote:Rashi reads, ‘Maybe Elijah win come’. For the concept of Elijah as the solver of an religious controversies and legal disputes v. Men. 45b; Ab. R. N. xxxiv; Num. l lab. III, near the end. For the general Rabbinic concept of Elijah v. J.E. pp. 122-127.
^ᵠnote:I.e., reveal a path by ‘which the hallowed things can be brought, which does not lead through heathen territory. [The Associates, accordingly, who lived during the Temple times and who were anxious to express their devotion, to it, would prepare their wine and oil in purity in the expectation that Elijah might come and direct them, through a clean path enabling them to bring these to the Temple. Rashi, Nid. 6b, refers this to the period after the Destruction of the Temple, when the Associates would follow this practice in the expectation that the Temple might be rebuilt in their days.]
^ʳnote:I.e., an ‘am ha-arez.
^ˢnote:Var. lec., ‘and left’.
^ᵗnote:Heb. ivf(v) hbgk (this reading is supported by Maimonides) i.e., the ‘am ha-arez, must give the olives to the priest before they become susceptible to uncleanness, so that the priest may prepare the olive-oil himself in purity. A poor priest is mentioned, because a rich one would not accept such terumah, as he would not wash to bother himself with the pressing of a small quantity of olives. But ‘Aruk and Tosaf and so apparently Rashi (v. Tosaf.) read, ivfv hbhgk , ‘in the presence of the priest , I.e., so that the priest may be sure that the olives have not been rendered susceptible to uncleanness. According to either reading this Mishnah snows that the ‘am ha-arez is not to be trusted even during the season, and thus contradicts our own Mishnah.
^ᵘnote:l.e., our own.
^ᵛnote:Which are gathered at the normal season: consequently the ‘am ha-arez is trusted.
^ʷnote:Since these are gathered after the normal season, the ‘am ha-ares is no longer trusted in regard to terumah.
^ˣnote:The second Mishnah (Toh. IX, 4), according to which the ‘an ha-arez not to be trusted at all, refers to Galilee, whereas our own Mishnah according to which the ‘am ha-ares is to be trusted during the proper season, expressly refers to Judah. Tosaf. a.I. explains that the Galileans were rich and produced so much olive oil that their season continued much later.
^ʸnote:Lit., ‘the white (explanation)’.
^ᶻnote:I.e., R. Nahman's.