Bava Batra

Was the maneh two hundred and forty [denarii].  But three things are to be inferred from this. It is to be inferred that the holy maneh was doubled;  it is to be inferred that the [standard of] measures  may be increased,  though that increase must not be more than a sixth;  and it is to be inferred that the sixth is to be exclusive. R. Papa b. Samuel introduced a measure of three kefiza.  They said unto him: Did not Samuel say that measures must not be increased by more than a sixth?  — He said unto them: I have introduced a new measure.  He sent it to Pumbeditha, but they did not adopt it. He sent it to Papunia and they adopted it and named it Roz-Papa. (Mnemonic Sign: Hoarders of fruit must not hoard, carry out, profit, twice in eggs. Prayers are offered and not caused to go out.) Our Rabbis taught: Concerning those who hoard fruit,  lend money on usury, reduce the measures and raise prices, Scripture says, Saying: 'When will the new moon be gone, that we may sell grain? And the Sabbath, that we may set forth corn? Making the ephah small, and the shekel great, and falsifying the balances of deceit.  And [concerning these] it is [further] written in Scripture, The Lord hath sworn by the pride of Jacob: Surely I will never forget any of their works.  Who, for instance, may be classed among fruit hoarders?  — R. Johanan said: [A person], for instance, like Shabbethai the fruit hoarder.  Samuel's father used to sell fruit during the [prevalence of the] early [market] price[s]  at the early price.  Samuel his son retained the fruit and sold them, when the late [market] prices [were current], at the early [market] price.  Word was sent from there:  'The father's [action] is better than the son's.' What is the reason? — Prices that have been eased remain so. Rab said: A person may store his own kab [of produce].  The same has also been taught [elsewhere]:  Fruit [and] things which are life's necessities as, for instance, wines, oils and the various kinds of flour, must not be hoarded; but spices, cumin and pepper may. The prohibitions mentioned apply [only] to one buying from the market, but [in the case of him] who brings in [for storage] of his own, [this is] permitted. In Palestine  one may store fruit for [the following] three years: The eve of the Sabbatical year,  the Sabbatical year, and the conclusion of the Sabbatical year.  In years of famine one must not hoard even a kab of carobs,  because thereby one brings a curse on the market prices. R. Jose b. Hanina said to his attendant Puga: Go, store away for me fruit for [the following] three years: The eve of the Sabbatical year,  and the Sabbatical year, and the conclusion of the Sabbatical year. Our Rabbis taught:  One must not carry out of Palestine  fruit [and] things which are life's necessities such as, for instance, wines, oils and the various kinds of flour. R. Judah b. Bathyra permits [it] in [the case of] wine, because [thereby] one diminishes levity. And as it is not permitted to carry away out of the land [of Palestine] into a foreign country, so it is not permitted to carry away out of Palestine  to Syria.  And Rabbi permits this