Bava Batra

MISHNAH. [IF A MAN SELLS A FIELD] HE DOES NOT INCLUDE  THE WELL NOR THE WINE PRESS NOR THE DOVECOTE, WHETHER IN USE OR NOT IN USE,  AND [IF HE REQUIRES] A RIGHT OF WAY TO THEM HE MUST BUY IF [FROM THE PURCHASER]. THIS IS THE OPINION OF R. AKIBA.  THE SAGES HOWEVER SAY THAT HE IS NOT REQUIRED TO DO SO.  R. AKIBA ADMITS THAT IF THE VENDOR SAYS TO HIM, [I SELL YOU ALL] EXCEPT THESE, HE NEED NOT BUY A RIGHT OF WAY.  IF HE SELLS THESE THINGS [WITHOUT THE FIELD] R. AKIBA SAYS THAT HE [THE PURCHASER] HAS NO NEED TO BUY A RIGHT OF WAY TO THEM, BUT THE SAGES SAY THAT HE HAS. THE ABOVE RULE  APPLIES ONLY TO A VENDOR, BUT A DONOR IS HELD TO MAKE ALL THESE PART OF THE GIFT.  IF BROTHERS DIVIDE AN INHERITANCE, ONE WHO TAKES POSSESSION OF A FIELD TAXES POSSESSION OF ALL THESE THINGS.  ONE WHO SEIZES THE PROPERTY OF A PROSELYTE  IN TAKING POSSESSION OF A FIELD TAKES POSSESSION OF ALL THESE THINGS. IF A MAN SANCTIFIES  HIS FIELD HE SANCTIFIES ALL THESE THINGS.  R. SIMEON, HOWEVER, SAYS THAT IF A MAN SANCTIFIES HIS FIELD HE SANCTIFIES ONLY  THE FULL-GROWN  CAROB AND THE CROPPED  SYCAMORE TREE. GEMARA. Why should the rule of a sale be different from that of a gift? — Judah b. Nakusa explained [the reason] in the presence of Rabbi [saying], The one [the vendor] specifies,  the other [the donor] does not specify. What do you mean by saying that the one specifies and the other does not specify, when the fact is that just as the one does not specify so the other does not specify? — What we should say is: The latter ought to have specified,  the former has no need to specify. A man gave instructions [saying], 'Give to so-and-so a room holding a hundred barrels.' It was found that the room [in question] would hold a hundred and twenty barrels. Mar Zutra [on hearing the case] said, He gave him [the space of] a hundred barrels and not of a hundred and twenty.  Said R. Ashi to him: Have we not learnt, THIS RULE APPLIES ONLY TO A VENDOR, BUT A DONOR IS PRESUMED TO MAKE ALL THESE PART OF THE GIFT, from which we infer that a donor is presumed to give in a liberal spirit?  So here [we say that] the donor gives in a liberal spirit. IF A MAN SANCTIFIES A FIELD HE SANCTIFIES etc. R. Huna said: Although the Rabbis have laid down that when a man buys two trees in another man's field he does not acquire any of the soil with them,  yet if a man sells a field and reserves to himself two trees, he retains some of the soil with them.  [This rule is valid] even according to R. Akiba who says that the vendor sells in a liberal spirit;  [for] this applies only to a well and a cistern which do not exhaust the soil, but in the case of trees which do exhaust the soil,