Bava Batra

Whence is this rule  derived? — Rab Judah said in the name of Rab: From the Scriptural verse, So the field of Efron which was in Machpelah … and all the trees that were in the field that were in the border thereof etc.  [This indicates that Abraham in buying the field acquired all the trees] that require a boundary round about,  and [that the purchase] did not include those that do not require a boundary round about.  R. Mesharsheya said: This proves that the inclusion of the border  in the [purchase of a field] is prescribed in Scripture. Rab Judah said: When a man sells a field, he should write in the deed, 'Acquire hereby the date trees, other large trees, small trees, and small date trees.'  It is true that even if he does not insert these words the transfer is valid,  but the deed is made more effective in this way.  If he says to him, 'I sell you land and date trees',  we have to consider. If he has any date trees, he has to give him two,  and if not he has to buy two for him, and if his date trees are mortgaged he has to redeem two for him. If he says, 'I sell you the land with the date trees', we have to consider; if there are date trees in it he has to give them to him, and if there are none, it is a sale made under a misapprehension.  If he says, I sell you a date tree field, the purchaser cannot claim date trees,  because what he means is simply 'a field suitable for date trees'. If he says, I sell you the field except such-and-such a date tree, then we have again to consider. If it is a good date tree,  we presume that he reserved that one for himself; if it is a poor tree,  then in fortiori he means to reserve the better ones. If he says, [I sell you the field] without the trees,  if there are trees in it, [the purchaser acquires all] except the trees; if there are date trees in it [but no others, he acquires the whole] without the date trees;  if there are vines, [he acquires the whole] without the vines;  if there are trees and date trees, [he acquires the whole] with the exception of the trees; if there are trees and vines, [he acquires the whole] with the exception of the trees; if there are date trees and vines, [he acquires the whole] with the exception of the vines. Rab said: [When a vendor reserves trees], all those which have to be climbed by a rope ladder [to pluck the fruit] are reserved, while those which do not need this are not reserved.