Temurah — Daf 16b

וכי דנין אפשר משאי אפשר (ר' שמעון בחד מקום גמיר להו)

אמר ר"ל ארבעה נתנו להן והעמידום על חמש ואי ס"ד בצבור הנך מי איתנהו בצבור אלא על כרחיך ילמד סתום ממפורש

ר' נתן אומר אחת נתנה להן והעמידוה על חמש

וליחזי בהי סידרא גמירי להו אי ביחיד אי בצבור

שתי שכחיות שכחו וקשיא להו

ואי ס"ד בצבור הנך מי איתנהו בצבור אלא ש"מ ילמד סתום ממפורש מה מפורש ביחיד ולא בצבור אף סתום ביחיד ולא בצבור

מתני׳ חומר בקדשים מבתמורה וחומר בתמורה מבקדשים חומר בקדשים מבתמורה שהקדשים עושין תמורה ואין תמורה עושה תמורה הצבור והשותפין מקדישין אבל לא ממירין ומקדישין עוברין ואברים אבל לא ממירין

חומר בתמורה מבקדשים שהקדושה חלה על בעלת מום קבוע ואין יוצא לחולין

But can we form an analogy between a case where there is an alternative and a case where there is none?1 — Said Resh Lakish: Four sin-offerings were specified to the Israelites [on Sinai to be left to die]2 and the rule was extended to five.3 Now if you suppose that these were congregational sin-offerings, are three of them4 ever brought by a congregation?5 Then you must admit that we form an analogy between the cases not explicitly stated and those explicitly stated. R. Nathan says: Only one sin-offering was specified to the [Israelites on Mount Sinai]6 and the rule was extended to all the five sin-offerings.7 But8 [if that is so] let us see in what class they learnt it,9 whether in that of the sin-offerings of an individual or of a congregation?10 — There were two forgettings.11 And consequently they12 were in a difficulty. If13 you should think that the rule14 applies to the sin-offering of a congregation, can these15 be brought by a congregation?16 Then it is proved from here that we form an analogy between the cases not explicitly stated17 and the cases explicitly stated: Just as in the cases explicitly stated the sin-offering is brought by an individual and not by a congregation, so in the cases not explicitly stated the sin-offering is brought by an individual and not by a congregation.18 MISHNAH. IN SOME WAYS [THE LAW RELATING TO] DEDICATIONS CARRIES GREATER WEIGHT THAN [THAT RELATING TO] EXCHANGE, AND IN SOME WAYS [THAT RELATING TO] EXCHANGE CARRIES GREATER WEIGHT THAN [THAT RELATING TO] DEDICATIONS. IN SOME WAYS [THE LAW RELATING TO] DEDICATIONS CARRIES GREATER WEIGHT THAN [THAT RELATING TO] EXCHANGE, FOR DEDICATED ANIMALS CAN EFFECT EXCHANGE WHEREAS ONE SUBSTITUTED CANNOT EFFECT EXCHANGE.19 A CONGREGATION OR PARTNERS CAN DEDICATE BUT CANNOT EFFECT EXCHANGE. WE CAN DEDICATE EMBRYOS AND LIMBS,20 BUT WE CANNOT EFFECT EXCHANGE WITH THEM. [THE LAW RELATING TO] EXCHANGE CARRIES GREATER WEIGHT THAN [THAT RELATING TO] DEDICATIONS, SINCE EXCHANGE21 HAS EFFECT ON A PERMANENTLY BLEMISHED ANIMAL22 AND IT DOES NOT BECOME HULLIN there cannot be an offering in such circumstances, for they can never occur in connection with a congregation. There is therefore no alternative, whereas in the other two cases the offering can be brought both by an individual and a congregation. which were meant to die and which to pasture. the four to die out of doubt. remembered as being the sin-offering both of a congregation and an individual, then let us say that a sin-offering whose owners procured atonement and a sin-offering whose year is passed are left to die because of doubt, whereas in the other three cases, which are entirely different, as they could not occur in connection with a congregation, there could be no doubt that there is no death for the sin-offerings. And if the case of a sin-offering being left to die was remembered only in connection with the offering of an individual, then let us say that these three sin-offerings, substitute and offspring of a dedicated animal etc., since they can be brought only by an individual, are left to die, but about the other two sin-offerings there can be no doubt, for they are entirely different (Rashi). which of the five sin-offerings was to die. be left to pasture or die, they were stated as regards an individual, in which circumstances all the five sin-offerings can occur. imparted from Sinai to be left to die. Therefore wherever we find that a sin-offering applies to an individual and a congregation, then it applies, and where not, it does not apply. on another animal by means of exchange, a further exchange does not take place. the extent that it does not become hullin.