Sukkah — Daf 54b

אי משום ערב הפסח לאו שיורא הוא דהא מני רבי יהודה היא דאמר מימיהם של כת שלישית לא הגיעה לומר (תהלים קטז, א) אהבתי כי ישמע ה' מפני שהיו עמה מועטין

הא אוקימנא דלא כר' יהודה ודלמא האי תנא סבר לה כוותיה בחדא ופליג עליה בחדא

אלא מאי שייר דהאי שייר שייר ערב הפסח שחל להיות בערב שבת אפיק שית ועייל שית:

ואין מוסיפין על מ"ח: ולא והא איכא ערב הפסח שחל להיות בשבת דאי לרבי יהודה חמשין וחדא אי לרבנן חמשין ושבע

כי קתני מידי דאיתיה בכל שנה ערב הפסח שחל להיות בשבת דליתיה בכל שנה ושנה לא קתני אטו ע"ש שבתוך החג מי איתיה בכל שנה זימנין דלא משכחת ליה והיכי דמי כגון שחל יום טוב ראשון בערב שבת

כי מקלעינן יום טוב ראשון בערב שבת מדחי דחינן ליה מאי טעמא כיון דאיקלע יו"ט הראשון של חג להיות בע"ש יוה"כ אימת הוי בחד בשבת הלכך דחינן ליה

ומי דחינן ליה והא תנן חלבי שבת קריבין ביוה"כ

ואמר רבי זירא כי הוינן בי רב בבבל הוה אמרי הא דתניא יום הכפורים שחל להיות ערב שבת לא היו תוקעין ובמוצאי שבת לא היו מבדילין דברי הכל היא כי סליקית להתם אשכחתיה לרבי יהודה בריה דר' שמעון בן פזי דיתיב וקאמר ר"ע היא

לא קשיא הא רבנן הא אחרים היא

דתניא אחרים אומרים אין בין עצרת לעצרת ואין בין ראש השנה לראש השנה אלא ארבעה ימים בלבד ואם היתה שנה מעוברת חמשה

מיתיבי ראש חדש שחל להיות בשבת שיר של ראש חדש דוחה שיר של שבת ואי איתא לימא דשבת ולימא דראש חדש

אמר רב ספרא מאי דוחה דוחה לקדם ואמאי תדיר ושאינו תדיר תדיר קודם

אמר ר' יוחנן לידע שהוקבע ראש חדש בזמנו והאי היכירא עבדינן הא היכירא אחריתא עבדינן דתניא חלבי תמיד של שחר ניתנין מחצי כבש ולמטה במזרח ושל מוספין ניתנין מחצי כבש ולמטה במערב ושל ראש חדש ניתנין תחת כרכוב המזבח ולמטה

If [the omission is to be justified] on account of the omission of the eve of the Passover, [the latter, it may be pointed out], is no omission, for this statement1 is made according to2 R. Judah who stated, Never in the life of the third group did they reach the verse, I love the Lord, for he heareth my voice,3 since the people composing the group were few in number.4 But5 did you not say that the earlier part of our Mishnah is not in agreement with R. Judah?6 — Is it not possible that our Tanna agrees with R. Judah on one point7 though he disagrees with him on another point?8 What else then was omitted that we might say that this also was similarly omitted? — The other omission was the eve of the Passover which fell on the eve of a Sabbath, when six blasts are to be subtracted9 and six10 are to be added. AND NEVER MORE THAN FORTY-EIGHT. No? But is there not the eve of the Passover which falls on the Sabbath, on which, if the statement is in agreement with R. Judah, there were fifty-one blasts, and if it is in agreement with the Rabbis11 there were fifty-seven?12 — [Our Mishnah] mentioned only those which recur annually, but does not mention the case of the eve of the Passover which falls on the Sabbath, since it does not occur every year. Does then the eve of the Sabbath in the Intermediate Days of a Festival occur every year? May it sometimes not happen at all, this being the case13 when, for instance, the first day of the Festival coincides with the eve of the Sabbath?14 — No, when the first day of the Festival would coincide with the eve of the Sabbath, the Festival is postponed.15 What is the reason?16 — Because if the first day of the Festival were to fall on the eve of the Sabbath, when would the Day of Atonement [of that year] be? On the [previous] Sunday.17 Therefore it is postponed.18 But do we postpone it? Have we not in fact learnt, The fats [of offerings performed on] the Sabbath19 may be offered on the Day of Atonement;20 and R. Zera furthermore stated, When I was21 in the school of Rab in Babylon22 I used to say that that which has been taught, ‘If the Day of Atonement fell on the eve of the Sabbath, they did not sound the trumpet,23 and if it fell at the conclusion of the Sabbath24 they did not recite the Habdalah’25 is agreed to by all,26 but when I came up to Palestine27 I found R. Judah the son of R. Simeon b. Pazzi that he sat at his studies and taught that it was in agreement with R. Akiba only?28 — This is no difficulty since the one statement29 is according to the Rabbis30 and the other31 according to ‘the Others’,32 for it has been taught, ‘Others’ say, There cannot be more than four weekdays’ difference between the Pentecost of one year and the next, and between one New Year and the next,33 and if the year was prolonged,34 there would be five days.35 An objection was raised:36 If New Moon fell on the Sabbath, the Psalm of the New Moon37 supersedes the Psalm of the Sabbath.38 Now if the law were [as R. Aha stated], why39 should not one say both that of the New Moon and that of the Sabbath?40 — R. Safra replied: What is meant by ‘supersedes’? That it41 supersedes it42 in the sense of taking precedence over it. But why? [Does not then] that which is constant take precedence over that which is not constant?43 — R. Johanan answered, [The New Moon Psalm was given precedence] in order that people should know that the New Moon has been fixed44 at its proper time.45 Do we then use this46 as a distinguishing sign? Do we not in fact use another distinguishing sign, as we have learnt:47 ‘The fats48 of the Daily Morning offering were placed on the lower half of the Ascent [of the altar] on its east side,49 while those of the additional offerings were placed on the lower half of the Ascent on its west side;50 while those of the New Moon were placed beneath the rim of the altar below,’51 more than three. offering of whose sacrifices took longer than the singing of the Hallel, owing to their large number, it was necessary to read it a second and a third time. likely that the latter clause will be in agreement with his view while the earlier one is not? been cited and, consequently, could not be regarded as an omission. distinction between the holy and the profane. already the Eighth Day of Solemn Assembly on which the Water-Drawing ceremonial no longer took place. which would have been the fourteenth of Tishri is the thirteenth of the month. month. the Day of Atonement. a Sunday. How then could it be maintained that if it were to fall on a Sunday it must be postponed? postponement. and 30 days alternately or 6 x (29 +30) = 354 days =354/7 weeks= 50 weeks and 4 days. day. trumpet. common occurrence. Why then should not the Sabbath Psalm take precedence over that of the New Moon? assurance of the official recognition of the date.