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פסחים 42
Soncino English Talmud · Berean Standard Bible
is Rabbi. For it was taught: Either a bullock or a lamb that hath anything superfluous or lacking in its parts, that mayest thou offer for a freewill-offering; [but for a vow it shall not be accepted]: that thou mayest dedicate for the Temple repair, but thou mayest not dedicate unblemished [animals] for the Temple repair. Hence it was said, Whoever dedicates unblemished [animals] for the Temple repair transgresses an affirmative precept — I only know [that he transgresses] an affirmative precept: whence do we know [that he transgresses also] a negative injunction? Because it is stated, And the Lord spake unto Moses, saying [lemor]: this teaches concerning the whole section that it is subject to a negative injunction: this is R. Judah's view. Rabbi asked Bar Kappara: How does that imply it? Said he to him, Because it is written, ‘lemor’: a ‘not’ [‘lo’] was stated in [these] matters . The School of Rab interpreted: Lemor, a negative injunction [law] was stated. THE WATER USED BY A BAKER etc. One [Baraitha] taught: You must pour [it] out on a slope. but you may not pour [it] out on broken [ground]. While another [Baraitha] taught: You may pour [it] out on broken ground? — There is no difficulty: here it means that it [the water] is abundant, so that it collects; there it means that it is not abundant, so that it does not collect. Rab Judah said: A woman must knead [unleavened bread] only with water which was kept overnight. R. Mattenah taught this [in a public lecture] at Papunia. On the morrow all took their pitchers and repaired to him and demanded of him, ‘Give us water’. Said he to them, ‘I meant with water which has been kept overnight’. Raba lectured: A woman may not knead in the sun, nor with water heated by the sun, nor with water collected from the caldron; and she must not remove her hand from the oven until she has finished all the bread; and she requires two vessels, one with which she moistens [the dough], and the other wherein she cools her hands. is now being discussed, has likewise the same superscription in v. I, q.v. The scholars asked: What if she transgressed and kneaded [in warm water]? Mar Zutra said: [The bread] is permitted; R. Ashi said: It is forbidden — Mar Zutra said, Whence do I know it?-Because it was taught: One may not wash barley on Passover; and if one did wash [them], if they split they are forbidden; if they did not split, they are permitted. But R. Ashi says: Will you weave all these things in one web? Where it was stated, it was stated; and where It was not stated, it was not stated. CHAPTER III MISHNAH. NOW THE FOLLOWING [THINGS] MUST BE REMOVED ON PASSOVER: BABYLONIAN KUTAH, MEDIAN BEER, IDUMEAN VINEGAR, EGYPTIAN ZITHOM, THE DYER'S BROTH, COOK'S DOUGH, AND THE SCRIBES’ PASTE. R. ELIEZER SAID: WOMEN'S ORNAMENTS TOO. THIS IS THE GENERAL, RULE: WHATEVER IS OF THE SPECIES OF CORN MUST BE REMOVED ON PASSOVER. THESE ARE SUBJECT TO A WARNING’, BUT THEY DO NOT INVOLVE KARETH. GEMARA. Our Rabbis taught: Three things were said of Babylonian kutah: it closes up the heart, blinds the eyes, and emaciates the body. It closes up the heart, on account of the whey of milk; and it blinds the eyes, on account of the salt; and it emaciates the body, on account of the stale crusts. Our Rabbis taught: Three things increase one's motion, bend the stature, and take away a five hundredth part of a man's eyesight. They are these: Coarse black bread, new beer, and raw vegetables. Our Rabbis taught: Three things decrease one's motion, straighten the stature, and give light to the eyes. These are they: White bread, fat meat, and old wine. White bread,
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of fine meal. Fat meat, of a goat which was not opened. Old wine: very old. Everything that is beneficial for the one is harmful for the other, and what is harmful for one is beneficial for the other, save moist zangebila, long peppers, white bread, fat meat and old wine, which are beneficial for the whole body. MEDIAN BEER. Because barley water is mixed into it. IDUMEAN VINEGAR. Because barley is cast into it. R. Nahman [b. Isaac] said: In former times, when they used to bring [wine] libations from Judah, the wine of Judah did not turn vinegar unless barley was put into it, and they used to call it simply vinegar. But now the wine of the Idumeans does not turn vinegar until barley is put into it, and it is called ‘Idumean vinegar’, in fulfilment of what is said, [Tyre hath said against Jerusalem...] I shall be replenished, now that she is laid waste: if one is full [flourishing] the other is desolate, and if the other is full the first is desolate. R. Nahman b. Isaac quoted this: and the one people shall be stronger than the other people. It was taught, R. Judah said: Originally, he who bought vinegar from an ‘am ha-arez did not need to tithe it, because it was a presumption that it was produced from nought but tamad. But now, he who buys vinegar from an ‘am ha-arez must tithe it. Now does R. Judah hold [that] tamad is not liable to tithing, but we learned: He who makes tamad, pouring water on by measure, and [then] he finds the same quantity, is exempt [from tithing]: but R. Judah declares him liable? This is what he says: The ‘amme ha-arez were not under suspicion in connection with tamad. Alternatively, they were under suspicion, yet there is no difficulty: the one refers to [tamad made with] the straining bag; the other refers to [tamad made of] kernels. AND EGYPTIAN ZITHOM. What is EGYPTIAN ZITHOM?-R. Joseph learned: [A concoction made of] a third part barley, a third part safflower, and a third part salt. R. Papa omitted barley and substituted wheat. And your token is ‘sisane’. They soaked them [these ingredients], then roasted them, ground them and then drank them. From the [Passover] sacrifice until Pentecost, they who are constipated are relieved, while they who are diarrhoeic are bound. [But] for an invalid and a pregnant woman it is dangerous. AND DYER'S BROTH. Here it is explained: Bran water, with which lacca is primed. AND COOK'S DOUGH. A loaf [i.e., dough] made of corn less than a third grown, which she places on the mouth of the pot and it absorbs the froth. AND SCRIBES’ PASTE. Here it is explained: Shoemaker's paste. R. Shimi of Hozae said: It is a toilet paste used by the daughters of rich men, of which they leave [some] for the daughters of poor men. But that is not so, for R. Hiyya taught: They are four commodities of general use and three manufacturing commodities. Now if you say that it is a toilet paste used by the daughters of rich men, what manufacturing commodities are there? What then; [it is] shoemaker's paste? Then why does he call it SCRIBES’ PASTE; he should say, cobbler's PASTE? — Said R. Oshaia to him: In truth it is shoemaker's paste; yet why does he call it: SCRIBES’ PASTE? Because scribes too stick their papyruses together with it. R. ELIEZER SAID: WOMEN'S ORNAMENTS TOO etc. WOMENS’ ORNAMENTS! can you think so! Rather, say, WOMEN'S cosmetics TOO. For Rab Judah said in Rab's name: [As to] the daughters of Israel
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