Parallel Talmud
Niddah — Daf 59b
Babylonian Talmud (Gemara) · Soncino English Talmud
מתני׳ האשה שהיא עושה צרכיה וראתה דם רבי מאיר אומר אם עומדת טמאה ואם יושבת טהורה ר' יוסי אומר בין כך ובין כך טהורה
איש ואשה שעשו צרכיהן לתוך הספל ונמצא דם על המים רבי יוסי מטהר ורבי שמעון מטמא שאין דרך האיש להוציא דם אלא שחזקת דמים מן האשה
גמ׳ מאי שנא עומדת דאמרינן מי רגלים הדור למקור ואייתי דם יושבת נמי נימא מי רגלים הדור למקור ואייתי דם
אמר שמואל במזנקת מזנקת נמי דלמא בתר דתמו מיא אתא דם
אמר ר' אבא ביושבת על שפת הספל ומזנקת בתוך הספל ונמצא דם בתוך הספל דאם איתא דבתר דתמו מיא אתא על שפת הספל איבעי ליה לאשתכוחי
אמר שמואל ואמרי לה אמר רב יהודה אמר שמואל הלכה כר' יוסי וכן אורי ליה רבי אבא לקלא הלכה כרבי יוסי
איש ואשה [כו'] איבעיא להו איש ואשה עומדין מה לי א"ר מאיר
כי אמר רבי מאיר בחד ספקא אבל בספק ספקא לא מטמא או דלמא לא שנא
אמר ריש לקיש היא היא ממאי מדלא קתני ר' מאיר ורבי יוסי מטהרין
א"ה השתא רבי מאיר בספק ספקא מטמא בחד ספקא מיבעיא להודיעך כחו דרבי יוסי דאפילו בחד ספקא מטהר
ואדמיפלגי בחד ספק להודיעך כחו דר' יוסי ליפלגו בספק ספקא להודיעך כחו דר' מאיר כח דהיתרא עדיף ליה
ור' יוחנן אמר כי קאמר רבי מאיר בחד ספקא אבל בספק ספקא לא אמר אם כן ליתני ר"מ ור' יוסי מטהרין אין הכי נמי ואיידי דסליק מרבי יוסי פתח בדרבי יוסי
ורבי יוסי בחד ספקא מטהר בספק ספקא מיבעיא מהו דתימא הני מילי דיעבד אבל לכתחלה לא קא משמע לן
תניא כוותיה דרבי יוחנן איש ואשה שעשו צרכיהן לתוך הספל ונמצא דם על המים רבי מאיר ורבי יוסי מטהרין ור' שמעון מטמא
איבעיא להו אשה יושבת מה לי אמר רבי שמעון כי אמר רבי שמעון בעומדת דדחיק לה עלמא אבל יושבת לא או דלמא לא שנא
ת"ש דתניא יושבת תולה עומדת אינה תולה דברי ר"מ רבי יוסי אומר בין כך ובין כך תולה ר"ש אומר בין כך ובין כך אינה תולה
איבעיא להו איש ואשה יושבין מה לי א"ר שמעון כי אמר רבי שמעון עומדת דדחיק לה עלמא ויושבת דחד ספק אבל בספק ספקא לא אמר או דלמא לא שנה
ת"ש כיון דא"ר שמעון חזקת דמים מן האשה ל"ש עומדין ולא שנא יושבין
מתני׳ השאילה חלוקה לנכרית או לנדה הרי זו תולה בה
ג' נשים שלבשו חלוק אחד או שישבו על ספסל אחד ונמצא עליו דם כולן טמאות
ישבו על ספסל של אבן או על האיצטבא של מרחץ רבי נחמיה מטהר שהיה רבי נחמיה אומר כל דבר שאינו מקבל טומאה אינו מקבל כתמים
גמ׳ אמר רב בנכרית
MISHNAH. IF A WOMAN WHEN ATTENDING TO HER NEEDS OBSERVED AN ISSUE OF BLOOD, R. MEIR RULED: IF SHE WAS STANDING SHE IS UNCLEAN BUT IF SHE WAS SITTING SHE REMAINS CLEAN. R. JOSE RULED: IN EITHER CASE SHE REMAINS CLEAN. IF A MAN AND A WOMAN ATTENDED TO THEIR NEEDS IN THE SAME BOWL AND BLOOD WAS FOUND ON THE WATER, R. JOSE RULED THAT IT WAS CLEAN, WHILE R. SIMEON RULED THAT IT WAS UNCLEAN, SINCE IT IS NOT USUAL FOR A MAN TO DISCHARGE BLOOD, BUT THE PRESUMPTION IS THAT BLOOD ISSUES FROM THE WOMAN. GEMARA. Wherein does the case where the woman WAS STANDING differ [from that of sitting]? [Obviously] in that we presume that the urine had returned to the source and brought back blood with it. But then, even where SHE WAS SITTING why should it not also be assumed that the urine had returned to the source and brought back blood with it? — Samuel replied: The reference is to a woman who discharges in a gush. But even where a discharge is gushing is it not possible that the blood issued after the water had ceased to flow? — R. Abba replied. The reference is to a woman who sat on the rim of a bowl, discharging into the bowl, and blood was found within the bowl, [in which case it is obvious] that if the blood had issued after the water had ceased to flow it should have been found on the rim of the bowl. Samuel ruled or, as some say, Rab Judah citing Samuel ruled: The halachah is in agreement with R. Jose; and also R. Abba gave a ruling to Kala: The halachah is in agreement with R. Jose. IF A MAN AND A WOMAN etc. The question was asked: Where both the man and the woman were standing. what, pray tell me, is the ruling of R. Meir? Did R. Meir maintain his view only where one doubt is involved, but where a double doubt is involved he does not hold the woman to be unclean, or is it possible that there is no difference? — Resh Lakish replied: His ruling is the same in both. Whence is this inferred? — Since it was not stated: R. Meir and R. Jose ruled that she remains clean'. If so, [the difficulty arises:] Now that R. Meir holds the woman to be unclean where a double doubt is involved, was there any need for his ruling where only one doubt is involved? — Yes, in order to inform you how far reaching is the ruling of R: Jose who laid down that the woman is clean even where only one doubt is involved. But, instead of disputing about such a case involving only one doubt in order to inform you how far reaching is the ruling of R. Jose, why should they not dispute about a case involving a double doubt in order to inform you how far reaching is the ruling of R. Meir? The power of a lenient view is preferred. R. Johanan, however, replied: R. Meir gave his ruling only where one doubt is involved, but where a double doubt is involved he did not maintain his view. But if so, why was it not stated: R. Meir and R. Jose ruled that she remains clean? — This should indeed have been done, but since he had just left R. Jose he also began With R. Jose. As to R. Jose, however, since he holds the woman clean where only one doubt is involved, was there any need for his ruling where a double doubt is involved? — As it might have been presumed that his ruling applied only ex post facto but not ab initio, we were informed that the ruling applied even ab initio. It was taught in agreement with R. Johanan: If a man and a woman attended to their needs in the same bowl and blood was found on the water, R. Meir and R. Jose declared it clean and R. Simeon declared it unclean. The question was raised: Where a woman was sitting, what, pray tell me, is the ruling of R. Simeon? Did R. Simeon maintain his view only where she is standing, since her passage is then compressed. but not where she was sitting; or is it possible that there is no difference? — Come and hear what was taught: If she was sitting she may attribute [any discharge of blood to an internal wound], but if she was standing she may not attribute [it to it]; so R. Meir. R. Jose ruled: In either case she may attribute [it to it]. R. Simeon ruled: In either case she may not attribute [it to it]. The question was raised: Where a man and a woman were sitting. what, pray tell me, is the ruling of R. Simeon? Did R. Simeon maintain his view only where the woman was standing, since her passage is then compressed, or where she was sitting, since only one doubt is involved, but not where a double doubt is involved; or is it possible that there is no difference? — Come and hear: Since R. Simeon ruled, THE PRESUMPTION IS THAT BLOOD ISSUES FROM THE WOMAN, no distinction is to be made between an issue when they were standing and one when they were sitting. MISHNAH. IF SHE LENT HER SHIRT TO A GENTILE WOMAN OR TO A MENSTRUANT SHE MAY ATTRIBUTE A STAIN TO EITHER. IF THREE WOMEN HAD WORN THE SAME SHIRT OR HAD SAT ON THE SAME WOODEN BENCH AND SUBSEQUENTLY BLOOD WAS FOUND ON IT, ALL ARE REGARDED AS UNCLEAN. IF THEY HAD SAT ON A STONE BENCH OR ON THE PROJECTION WITHIN THE COLONNADE OF A BATH HOUSE, R. NEHEMIAH RULES THAT THEY ARE CLEAN; FOR R. NEHEMIAH HAS LAID DOWN: ANY THING THAT IS NOT SUSCEPTIBLE TO UNCLEANNESS IS NOT SUSCEPTIBLE TO STAINS. GEMARA. Rab explained: The reference is to a GENTILE WOMAN