Chullin — Daf 125a

וקולית המוקדשין הנוגע בהן בין סתומים בין נקובים טמא

קולית נבלה וקולית השרץ הנוגע בהם סתומים טהורים נקובים כל שהוא מטמא במגע מנין שאף במשא ת"ל (ויקרא יא, כז) הנוגע והנושא את שבא לכלל מגע בא לכלל משא לא בא לכלל מגע לא בא לכלל משא:

גמ׳ נוגע אין אבל מאהיל לא

היכי דמי אי דאיכא כזית בשר באהל נמי ליטמא דליכא כזית בשר

ואי דאיכא כזית מוח מבפנים טומאה בוקעת ועולה באהל נמי ליטמא דליכא כזית מוח בפנים

ואי מוח מבפנים מעלה ארוכה מבחוץ אבר מעליא היא באהל נמי ליטמא אמר רב יהודה בריה דרבי חייא זאת אומרת מוח בפנים אינו מעלה ארוכה מבחוץ

במאי אוקימתא דליכא כזית אי הכי במוקדשים אמאי מטמא

ותו קולית נבלה וקולית השרץ כי ניקבו אמאי מטמאו

הא לא קשיא רישא דליכא כזית סיפא דאיכא כזית ומאי קמ"ל מילי מילי קא משמע לן

רישא קמ"ל דמוח מבפנים אינו מעלה ארוכה מבחוץ מוקדשין מאי קמ"ל שימוש נותר מילתא היא דאמר מרי בר אבוה אמר רבי יצחק עצמות קדשים ששימשו נותר מטמאין את הידים הואיל ונעשה בסיס לדבר האסור

נבלה אע"ג דאיכא כזית ניקבה אין לא ניקבה לא

אביי אמר לעולם מוח מבפנים מעלה ארוכה מבחוץ והכא במאי עסקינן בששפה

וכדרבי אלעזר דא"ר אלעזר קולית ששפה לארכה טמאה לרחבה טהורה וסימניך דיקלא

ורבי יוחנן אמר לעולם דאיכא כזית ומוח מבפנים מעלה ארוכה מבחוץ ומאי נוגע דקתני מאהיל

ואי מוח מבפנים מעלה ארוכה מבחוץ קולית נבלה וקולית השרץ כי לא נקבו אמאי טהורים

אמר רבי בנימין בר גידל אמר ר' יוחנן הכא במאי עסקינן כגון דאיכא כזית מוח המתקשקש גבי מת טומאה בוקעת ועולה נבלה כיון דמתקשקש הוא ניקבה אין לא ניקבה לא

א"ר אבין ואיתימא ר' יוסי בר אבין אף אנן נמי תנינא הנוגע בכחצי זית ומאהיל על חצי זית או חצי זית מאהיל עליו טמא

אי אמרת בשלמא חד שמא הוא משו"ה מצטרף

אלא אי אמרת תרי שמי נינהו מי מצטרף והתנן זה הכלל כל שהוא משם אחד מצטרף וטמא משני שמות טהור

אלא מאי חד שמא הוא אימא סיפא אבל

OR A THIGH-BONE OF A CONSECRATED ANIMAL,1 HE WHO TOUCHES IT, WHETHER IT BE STOPPED UP OR PIERCED, BECOMES UNCLEAN. WITH REGARD TO A THIGHBONE OF A CARCASS OR OF A [DEAD] REPTILE, IF IT WAS STOPPED UP HE WHO TOUCHES IT REMAINS CLEAN,2 BUT IF IT WAS AT ALL PIERCED IT CONVEYS UNCLEANNESS BY CONTACT. WHENCE DO WE KNOW [THAT IT CONVEYS UNCLEANNESS] ALSO BY CARRYING? THE TEXT SAYS, HE THAT TOUCHETH3 AND HE THAT CARRIETH:4 THEREFORE, WHAT COMES WITHIN THE SCOPE OF UNCLEANNESS BY CONTACT COMES WITHIN THE SCOPE OF UNCLEANNESS BY CARRYING. AND WHAT DOES NOT COME WITHIN THE SCOPE OF UNCLEANNESS BY CONTACT DOES NOT COME WITHIN THE SCOPE OF UNCLEANNESS BY CARRYING. GEMARA. He who touches it does [become unclean] but he who overshadows it does not [become unclean]. What are the circumstances? If there was an olive's bulk of flesh upon it, then surely it conveys uncleanness by overshadowing? — It must be that there was not an olive's bulk of flesh upon it. But if there was an olive's bulk of marrow within it, then surely the uncleanness breaks through and rises upwards,5 and it should convey uncleanness by overshadowing? — It must be that there was not an olive's bulk of marrow within it. But if it is held that the marrow within [the bone] can restore [the flesh] outside it,6 then surely it is a proper limb, and it should convey uncleanness by overshadowing? — Rab Judah the son of R. Hiyya said: This proves that the marrow within cannot restore [the flesh] outside it. How have you explained the case? That there was not an olive's bulk.7 Then why does it convey uncleanness in the case of consecrated animals?8 Furthermore, why does the thigh-bone of a carcass or of a [dead] reptile, even when pierced, convey uncleanness?9 — These are no difficulties at all, for the first clause10 refers to the case where there was not an olive's bulk and the subsequent clause11 to the case where there was an olive's bulk. What does he teach us then? — He teaches us a number of rules. The first clause teaches us [the principle] that the marrow within [the bone] cannot restore [the flesh] outside it.12 The clause concerning consecrated animals teaches us that whatever serves [as a holder for] the meat left over [from the sacrifice] is a matter of consequence,13 for R. Mari b. Abbuha said in the name of R. Isaac,14 Bones of sacrifices which served [as a holder for] the meat left over [from the sacrifice] render the hands unclean, since they have become auxiliary15 to forbidden matter. The clause concerning the carcass [teaches us] that even if there is an olive's bulk [of marrow in the bone], only when [the bone is] pierced does it [convey uncleanness], but when not pierced it does not [convey uncleanness]. Abaye said: In fact [I maintain that] the marrow within [the bone] can restore [the flesh] outside it, but here we are dealing with a bone which was sawn through [transversely],16 and it is in agreement with R. Eleazar's view. For R. Eleazar stated: If a man sawed through a marrow-bone lengthwise it is still unclean,17 if transversely it is clean; as a mnemonic think of the palm tree.18 R. Johanan said: In truth, there was an olive's bulk [of marrow in the bone], and [I maintain that] the marrow within can restore [the flesh] outside it,19 but the expression HE WHO TOUCHES stated [in the Mishnah] means also overshadowing.20 But surely if the marrow within can restore [the flesh] outside it, why is it that the thigh-bone of a carcass or of a dead reptile, if not pierced, is clean?21 — R. Benjamin b. Giddal said in the name of R. Johanan. We are dealing here with an olive's bulk of marrow that shakes about22 [in the bone]; so that with regard to a corpse23 the uncleanness breaks through and rises upwards, but with regard to a carcass, since the marrow shakes about within,24 if the bone was pierced, it does [convey uncleanness], but if it was not pierced, it does not [convey uncleanness]. R. Abin (others say R. Jose b. Abin) said: We have also learnt the same:25 If a man touched one half-olive's bulk [of a corpse] and [at the same time] overshadowed another half-olive's bulk26 or the other half-olive's bulk overshadowed him,27 he is unclean. Now if you hold that they28 fall within one category then it is quite right that they combine [to render the person unclean]; but if you hold that they fall within two categories, can they in any way combine? Surely, we have learnt: This is the general rule: All [means of conveying uncleanness] which fall within one category combine to convey uncleanness, but all which fall within two categories do not [combine to] convey uncleanness.29 What do you say then? That they fall within one category? Read the following clause: But beyond the time prescribed for eating. The Rabbis, in order to prevent such abuses arising out of the negligence of the priest, decreed that sacrificial meat which was piggul or nothar shall render the hands unclean (v. Pes. 120b). This decree clearly applied to those parts of the sacrifice which were edible; therefore it did not apply to marrowless bones, but it did apply to a marrowbone for then the bone serves as a holder for the marrow within it. a ‘protection’ to the marrow that is within it. And this is so only if the marrow within was accessible, i.e., the bone must be pierced so as to allow a hair at least to reach the marrow. through its enclosure and spreads in the house or ‘tent’. Cf. supra 71a, and Ber. 19b. bone is still regarded as a proper limb, for it is possible for new marrow to form in the bone and to restore the flesh around it. marrow within it or of flesh upon it. first ruling of this chapter) that a protection can be included and reckoned together with the foodstuff only to convey the light uncleanness i.e., to render other foodstuffs unclean, but not to convey the grave uncleanness, i.e., to render the person that touches it unclean. ‘overshadowing’. i.e., It cannot render unclean men and vessels that are in the same ‘tent’ or under the same roof. is not an olive's bulk of marrow now in the bone, neither is there any prospect for the bone to form new marrow, it cannot convey uncleanness by overshadowing. continuous strip of marrow, it will be invested in time with marrow and flesh, and it therefore conveys uncleanness as the corpse itself. circumference of the tree is removed, the tree will soon wither. for the limb would, in time, be restored. was incorrect. later on; of what avail is it, therefore, that the bone is stopped up? the uncleanness breaks through. With regard to consecrated meat, too, as the bone should as a holder for an olive's bulk of marrow which was nothar, it conveys uncleanness. minimum standard of an olive's bulk which must be accessible. ‘overshadowing’, and that these two forms of uncleanness fall within one category. overshadowing the second half-olive's bulk. underneath it.