Bava Batra — Daf 157a

אומר בחול אמרו וקל וחומר לשבת כיוצא בו זכין לגדול ואין זכין לקטן דברי ר' אליעזר רבי יהושע אומר בגדול אמרו קל וחומר לקטן

רבי יהודה אומר רבי אליעזר אומר בשבת דבריו קיימין מפני שאינו יכול לכתוב אבל לא בחול רבי יהושע אומר בשבת אמרו קל וחומר בחול כיוצא בו זכין לקטן ואין זכין לגדול דברי רבי אליעזר ר' יהושע אומר לקטן אמרו קל וחומר לגדול:

מתני׳ נפל הבית עליו ועל אביו או עליו ועל מורישיו והיתה עליו כתובת אשה ובעל חוב יורשי האב אומרים הבן מת ראשון ואח"כ מת האב ובעלי החוב אומרים האב מת ראשון ואח"כ מת הבן

ב"ש אומרים יחלוקו ובית הלל אומרים נכסים בחזקתן:

גמ׳ תנן התם המלוה את חבירו בשטר גובה מנכסים משועבדים על ידי עדים גובה מנכסים בני חורין

בעי שמואל דאיקני וקנה מהו אליבא דרבי מאיר דאמר אדם מקנה דבר שלא בא לעולם לא תיבעי לך דודאי קנה אלא כי תיבעי לך אליבא דרבנן דאמרי אין אדם מקנה דבר שלא בא לעולם

אמר רב יוסף תא שמע וחכמים אומרים זה היה פיקח שמכר לו את הקרקע מפני שהוא יכול למשכנו עליו

אמר ליה רבא מיניה קאמר מיניה אפילו מגלימא דעל כתפיה כי קא מיבעיא לן דאיקני קנה ומכר דאיקני קנה והוריש מאי

אמר רב חנא תא שמע נפל הבית עליו ועל אביו עליו ועל מורישיו והיתה עליו כתובת אשה ובעל חוב יורשי האב אומרים הבן מת ראשון ואח"כ מת האב ובעלי חובות אומרים האב מת ראשון כו'

ואי סלקא דעתך דאיקני קנה ומכר דאיקני קנה והוריש לא משתעבד נהי נמי דאב מית ברישא דאיקני הוא

אמר להו רב נחמן זעירא חברין תרגמה מצוה על היתומים לפרוע חובת אביהן מתקיף לה רב אשי מלוה על פה הוא ורב ושמואל דאמרי תרוייהו מלוה על פה אינו גובה לא מן היורשין ולא מן הלקוחות

said: They said [this]  in [respect of] a week-day.  and how much more so in the case of the Sabbath.  Similarly: One may acquire ownership on behalf of [a person who is] of age,  but not on behalf of a minor;  these are the words of R. Eliezer. R. Joshua said: [If they allowed possession to be acquired] on [behalf of] one who is of age, how much more so on behalf of a minor'. R. Judah stated,  'R. Eliezer said: On the Sabbath his [verbal] instructions are legally valid, because he is unable to write, but not on a week-day. R. Joshua said: [If] they said [this] in [respect of] the Sabbath, how much more so in [the case of] a week-day. Similarly: One may acquire ownership on behalf of a minor but not on behalf of [a person who is] of age; these are the words of R. Eliezer. R. Joshua said: [If they allowed possession to be acquired] on behalf of a minor, how much more so on behalf of[a person who is] of age. MISHNAH. [IN THE CASE WHERE] A HOUSE  COLLAPSED UPON A MAN  AND HIS FATHER OR UPON A MAN  AND THOSE WHOSE HEIR HE IS,  AND [THAT PERSON] HAD AGAINST HIM [THE CLAIM OF] A WOMAN'S KETHUBAH  OR [THAT OF] A CREDITOR;  [AND, IN THE FIRST CASE]. THE HEIRS OF THE FATHER PLEAD [THAT] THE SON DIED FIRST AND THE FATHER AFTERWARDS,  WHILE THE CREDITORS PLEAD [THAT] THE FATHER DIED FIRST AND THE SON AFTERWARDS,  BETH SHAMMAI HOLD  [THAT THE AMOUNT IN DISPUTE IS] TO BE DIVIDED,  AND BETH HILLEL HOLD  [THAT] THE ESTATE [IS TO REMAIN] IN ITS FORMER STATUS. GEMARA. We learnt elsewhere: He who lends [money] to another on a bond  [is entitled to] collect [his debt] from [the borrower's] lands [even though they were subsequently] mortgaged.  [If, however, the loan was made] in the presence  of witnesses  it may be collected from free  property [only].  Samuel inquired: What [is the law in the case where the borrower entered in the bond]. 'that I may acquire'.  and he acquired?  According to R. Meir who holds [the view that] a person may transfer possession of something that has not [yet] come into existence, there can be no question; for [the lender] has undoubtedly acquired possession.  The question arises according to [the view of] the Rabbis who maintain [that] a person may not transfer possession of something that has not [yet] come into existence. R. Joseph said, Come and hear: And the Sages Say: This [creditor] who sold him  the land  was prudent, because thereby  he was in a position to take from him a pledge.  Raba said to him: You mean,  'from him'!  From him  [surely], even the cloak that is upon his shoulders [may be seized]!  Our question, however, is what [is the law in the case] where [the borrower entered in the bond]. 'That I may acquire'. [and] he [subsequently] bought and sold, [or where he entered] 'That I may acquire' [and] he [subsequently] bought or transmitted [his purchase] as an inheritance? R. Hana replied, Come and hear: [IN THE CASE WHERE] A HOUSE COLLAPSED UPON A MAN AND HIS FATHER [OR] UPON A MAN AND THOSE WHOSE HEIR HE IS, AND [THAT PERSON] HAD AGAINST HIM [THE CLAIM OF] A WOMAN'S KETHUBAH OR [THAT OF] A CREDITOR; [AND. IN THE FIRST CASE]. THE HEIRS OF THE FATHER PLEAD [THAT] THE SON DIED FIRST AND THE FATHER AFTERWARDS, WHILE THE CREDITORS PLEAD [THAT] THE FATHER DIED FIRST etc. Now, if it were to be assumed [that where a borrower entered in the bond]. 'that I may acquire'. [and] he [subsequently] bought and sold, [or where he entered]. 'that I may acquire'. and he [subsequently] bought or transferred [his purchase] as an inheritance, [the land] does not become mortgaged [to the creditor, what claim could the creditors advance?] Even if it were granted that the father had died first [and that the son, had consequently. inherited his estate]. this [is merely another form of the case where a bond contains the entry] 'that I may acquire'!  R. Nahman said to them: Our colleague Zera has explained this [as follows]: It is the moral duty of the orphans to repay the debt of their father. R. Ashi demurred: This [surely] is a verbal loan,  and both Rab and Samuel stated [that] a verbal loan cannot be collected either from the heirs or from the buyers!